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Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics and Carbon Sequestration in Soils Under Different Residue Management

M. Mizanur Rahman
Department of Soil Science, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University Gazipur 1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted at the research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh during August 2011 to May 2012 in two consecutive rice seasons of T. aman and Boro using three types of organic residues viz. poultry manure, cowdung and rice straw as treatments to quantify their effects on soil carbon, nitrogen, carbon sequestration and CO2 emission. Poultry manure was found efficient to increase carbon and nitrogen contents in soils compared to rice straw and cowdung, which decreased with increased soil depths irrespective of residues. Rice straw released more CO₂ compared to poultry manure and cowdung. However, a positive trend of carbon enrichment in soils was found with the application these residues. The carbon sequestration in soils under poultry manure was 1.46 t ha^-1, while it was 1.26 and 1.19 t ha^-1 in cowdung and rice straw, respectively. Application of poultry manure and cowdung in soils should be considered and recommended to increase carbon stock and fetch multiple benefits in agriculture.

Keywords: Carbon sequestration, Nitrogen dynamics, Poultry manure, Cowdung, Rice straw, CO2 emission

Location: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh under Madhupur Tract (AEZ 28)

Start Date: 00-08-2011

End Date: 00-05-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Non-commodity: Carbon sequestration

Objectives:

To determine the Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics and Carbon Sequestration in Soils under Different Residue Management

Methodology:

The study was conducted at the research farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Bangladesh, which is under the agro-ecological zone (AEZ) Madhupur Tract (AEZ 28). The experiment was conducted during August 2011 to May 2012 in two consecutive rice seasons of T. aman (BRRI dhan49) and Boro (BRRI dhan29). The soil of the study site belongs to Salna series and has been classified as Inceptisol. The climate of the area is sub-tropical, wet and humid. Heavy rainfall occurs during June-July (269 to 370 mm) and scanty rain during November to February (0 to 55 mm). Before starting the experiment, soil samples were collected from 0-5 and 5-10, 10-15, 15-20 and 20-30 cm depths of the crop field for determining soil bulk density and C using standard methods. The soil samples were air dried, ground to pass through 2 mm sieve and used for analysis. Carbon stock and carbon sequestration were estimated using equation 1 and 2, respectively as follows: C stock (t ha^-1) = Conc. of soil C (%) x soil bulk density (g. c.c.^-1) x soil depth (cm) …. (1) C sequestration = Final soil C – Initial soil C ……… (2)

Carbon dioxide emission from rice field was measured through NaOH absorption following HCl titration method. Reading was taken by every 7 days interval starting from the first day of transplanting and continued to sixteenth week of transplanting.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 12(2): 48-55 (2014) ISSN 2304-7321 (Online), ISSN 1729-5211 (Print), A Scientific Journal of Krishi Foundation

Article Link (Online Journal): http://banglajol.info/index.php/AGRIC/article/view/21731/14937

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soils are complex phenomenon, which vary depending on soil and crop management practices and may have profound effects on global warming and climate change. Poultry manure was found efficient to increase carbon and nitrogen in soils compared to rice straw and cowdung, which decreased with increased soil depths irrespective of residues. Positive trend of carbon enrichment in soils was found while poultry manure, cowdung and rice straw were applied, which could be monitored and maintained through regular replenishment of organic materials in soils. During the sixteenth weeks of rice growing season cumulative carbon dioxide emission was higher in the rice straw treatment compared to poultry manure and cowdung. Any type of soil and crop management practices that could enhance carbon contents in soils should be considered and recommended for farmers’ practice. Use of crop residues, animal manures, biochar, minimum or zero tillage, crop rotation, balanced fertilization and many other available organic sources may replenish and increase carbon stock in soils and bring multitude of benefits for agricultural sustainability.

Knowledge Management: Journal