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Influence of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Growth, Leaf Yield, Chlorophyll and Protein Contents Stevia Grown in Different Soil Types

S. Khanom
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2002, Bangladesh

B. K. Saha
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2002, Bangladesh

M. T. Islam
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2002, Bangladesh

M. T. Islam
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2002, Bangladesh

M. A. H. Chowdhury
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2002, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted in the open net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from January to June, 2007, to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth, leaf yield, chlorophyll and protein contents of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.). The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with three replications having 16 treatment combinations. Four types of soil viz., saline, acidic, calcareous and non-calcareous soils were collected from Khulna, Tangail, Natore and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh, respectively. Two organic (poultry manure and cow dung) and one inorganic fertilizers @ the recommended dose along with a control were used as treatment factor. The experimental results indicated that different soil types significantly influenced all parameters studied. The highest values of all parameters were obtained from the plant grown in noncalcareous soil which was identical with acidic soil for some parameters. Different types of organic and inorganic fertilizer had also significant influence on all plant parameters. In all cases, the highest values were recorded from the plant fertilized with chemical fertilizers. Poultry manure and cow dung also showed identical results with chemical fertilizer in most cases. Interaction effect of different types of soil and fertilizer showed significant variation for most of the parameters studied except chlorophyll and protein contents. Plants grown in noncalcareous soil fertilized with chemical fertilizers exhibited the best performance in most of the cases. The overall results suggested that stevia can be cultivated in noncalcareous and acidic soils fertilized with chemical fertilizers along with poultry manure favoring the productivity of stevia.

Keywords: Stevia, Soil types, Manures and fertilizers, Chlorophyll, Protein

Location: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-01-2007

End Date: 00-06-2007

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Stevia, Organic fertilizer

Objectives:

a) To study the ideal soil condition and appropriate cultivation technique, and

b) To obtain better plant growth, higher leaf yield, protein and chlorophyll contents for its large scale production in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

To examine the growth, leaf yield, chlorophyll and protein contents of stevia, a pot experiment was conducted at the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from January to June, 2007. Four different soil types namely saline, acidic, calcareous and noncalcareous soils were collected from different districts of Bangladesh viz. Khulna (Koira), Tangail (Madhupur), Natore (Kachi Kata) and Mymensingh (BAU Campus), respectively. The initial surface soils (0-15 cm) were collected, air dried, ground and sieved through a 5 mm sieve and then 8.5 kg soil was poured into each earthen pot. Soil samples were analyzed following the standard methods. Two organic (poultry manure and cow dung) and one inorganic fertilizer along with a control were used as treatment factor in this experiment. Since stevia has been newly introduced in Bangladesh, no fertilizer recommendation exists for this herb. Therefore, urea, triple superphosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum, cow dung and poultry manure were applied according to the fertilizer recommendation for Indian spinach (BARC, 2005). One-third amount of urea and full dose of other fertilizers were applied one day before transplanting. The rest part of urea was applied at 20 and 40 days after transplanting (DAT). Well-decomposed cow dung and poultry manure was mixed thoroughly with the soil of the respective pot 15 days before transplanting. Stem cuttings were collected from Plant Biotechnology Lab, BRAC, Joydebpur, Gazipur. One seedling was transplanted in each pot following completely randomized design with three replications. Intercultural operations were done to ensure normal crop growth and when necessary. Adequate soil moisture content was maintained by addition of distilled water regularly. The leaf area of the plant was measured by a leaf area meter (Systronics-114). The crop was harvested at 60 DAT and the leaves were taken for chemical analysis. The chlorophyll content was measured following the method of Arnon (1949). Nitrogen content was determined following micro kjeldahl method as described by Jackson (1973) and protein content was calculated multiplying the total N content by 5.85. Analysis of variance was done with the help of computer package MSTAT developed and the mean differences of the treatments were adjudged by LSD test.

Source of Information: Progress. Agric. 19(1) : 23-31, 2008 ISSN 1017-8139

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Poultry manure and cow dung also showed identical results with chemical fertilizer in most cases. Interaction effect of different types of soil and fertilizer showed significant variation for most of the parameters studied except chlorophyll and protein contents. Plants grown in noncalcareous soil fertilized with chemical fertilizers exhibited the best performance in most of the cases. The overall results suggested that stevia can be cultivated in noncalcareous and acidic soils fertilized with chemical fertilizers along with poultry manure favoring the productivity of stevia.

Knowledge Management: Journal