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Investigation of Phytoplankton and Physico-chemical Parameters in Nursery, Growout and Broodstock Ponds

M. I. Hossain
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

M. M. Alam
Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), National University of Malaysia (UKM), Malaysia

M. Alam
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

B. M. M. Kamal
Natore Government Fish Farm, Natore, Bangladesh

S. M. Galib
Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study measures the relationship between physico-chemical variables with the cell density of phytoplankton in nursery, growout and broodstock ponds of fish. This study was conducted at Natore Government Fish Farm in Bangladesh from January to June, 2012. The observed physico-chemical variables like water temperature, transparency, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia-nitrogen, total alkalinity and total hardness were found within the standard ranges. Phytoplankton belonging to bacillariophyceae, chlorophyceae, cyanophyceae and euglenophyceae were found among the ponds but euglenophyceae with highest abundance was recorded in almost all the ponds. Total abundance of different groups of phytoplankton was recorded as mean (±SD) cell density (cell/l) (62.77±2.16)×104, (47.22±0.69)×104, and (77.12±3.42)×104 in nursery pond, growout pond and broodstock pond, respectively. Overall phytoplankton abundance was more in broodstock pond than in others. Total phytoplankton density has exhibited significantly positive correlation with dissolved oxygen (DO) and inverse relation with water temperature, pH, ammonia-nitrogen and total alkalinity in case of nursery pond. For growout pond, total phytoplankton density has exhibited significantly positive correlation with temperature and transparency, and significantly negative correlation with other physico-chemical characteristics. In case of broodstock pond, total phytoplankton density has no significant relationship with any physico-chemical variables of water.

Keywords: Nursery pond; Growout pond; Broodstock pond; Phytoplankton; Water quality, physico-chemical parameters

Location: Natore Government Fish Farm in Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2012

End Date: 00-06-2012

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

To understand the importance of nutrient transformation and recycling process in the aquatic systems, the present study tries to understand the situation in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Study sites: The study ponds were situated at the Government fish seed production farm, Natore Sadar Upazila under Natore district in Bangladesh. Sample selection: The study was conducted for a period of six months from January to June, 2012 to measure the present status of physico-chemical characteristics and plankton population. The water quality characteristics and plankton population were collected from nine ponds-3 nursery ponds (T1), 3 growout ponds (T2), and 3 broodstock ponds (T3). Area of the ponds was between 30 decimal to 60 decimal. Each pond has inlet for watering but no outlet. The ponds were dependable on rainfall and deep tube well water. The depths of different broodstock ponds were ranged from 1.5 to 2 meter. Nursery pond is a pond which is prepared for rearing the spawn to fingerling stage, for a period of 50-60 days. In general, the size of nursery pond is small and depth of water is low (1-1.5 m). The growout pond is used to produce table fishes from fingerlings. Whereas, a broodstock pond is used to rear mature male and female fishes in order to produce spawn. The size and depth of growout and broodstock ponds are generally higher than that of nursery pond. Mean size (±SD) of the ponds were- 0.178±0.015 ha (nursery, T1), 0.227±0.021 ha (growout, T2) and 0.242±0.031 ha (broodstock, T3). In nursery ponds fish seeds of 3-5 days were reared up to a size of 5-7 inches. Mixed carp species (Rohu, Labeo rohita; Catla, Catla catla; Mrigal, Cirrhinus chirrosus; Silver carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix; Bighead carp, Aristichthys nobilis; Common carps, Cyprinus carpio and Bata, Labeo bata) were reared in all the ponds. Both fertilizers (cow dung, urea and triple super phosphate) and supplementary feeds (rice bran, mustard oil cake and commercial pellet feeds) were applied in growout and broodstock ponds. Only mustard oil cake was applied in nursery ponds and fertilizers were used during preparation of nursery ponds. Data collection: Among the physico-chemical characteristics, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, transparency, alkalinity, hardness and ammonia nitrogen of water in the ponds were considered in the study. Six sampling sites in each pond were selected and data recorded on-the-spot. Samplings were restricted to strategic sites and 10 liters of water were collected from each selected site by a plastic bucket to measure the physico-chemical characteristics. The samples were always collected from the subsurface with minimum disturbance of water. Data were taken monthly basis at 9:00-11:00 in the morning. Data validation and calibration: Data were validated by testing stoical significance of the mean value. Different treatments were further tested by using one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) F-test. To identify significant differences among means, Post Hoc (Tucky) test were conducted. Correlation coefficient was estimated by Pearson’s Correlation coefficient method and also tested for statistical significance at 1%, 5%, and 10% level. This statistical analysis was performed with by using SPSS software.

Source of Information: J. Sci. Res. 5 (3), 555-571 (2013)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A total of 23 genera belonging to four groups of phytoplankton, bacillariophyceae (4), chlorophyceae (11), cyanophyceae (6) and euglenophyceae (2) were encountered in the present experiment. Of which euglenophyceae was the most dominant group contributing 30.19% of the total plankton. Total phytoplankton density exhibited positive relation with DO, water transparency and total hardness, and inverse relation with rest of the parameters in T1. It showed insignificantly positive relation with temperature and pH and negative relation with rest of the physico-chemical parameters in T2. In T3 total phytoplankton density showed negative relation with transparency, DO and total alkalinity and positive relation with rest of the parameters. Broodstock pond (T3) was found best for the abundant existence of phytoplankton than other types. Further further research is recommended to evaluate the water quality parameters to characterize the long-term variabilities of phytoplankton in nursery, growout and broodstock ponds.

Knowledge Management: Journal