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Micropropagation of Environmental Stress Tolerant Local Potato (solanum Tuberosum L.) Varieties of Bangladesh

Fazlima Parveen
Biotechnology Programme, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka

Mahmuda Khatun
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Dhaka

Aparna Islam
Biotechnology Programme, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In vitro response of four explants namely, leaf, shoot apex, nodal and internodal, in three stress tolerant Bangladeshi potato varieties, viz. Zaubilati, Shadaguti and Challisha were tested. Of all the varieties, Shadaguti responded best for all the explants. Among the explants nodal segment responded best, followed by shoot apex. For all these explants and varieties, shoot regeneration response was tested in response to two cytokines, BAP and Kn. When compared between BAP and Kn supplementation, Kn treatment performed better than that of BAP for nodal and shoot apex, while opposite was observed for remaining explants. Interestingly, hormone free basal PROP medium was found to be best for nodal explants of both Zaubilati and Challisha varieties. While nodal explants of Shadaguti showed the best result in 0.5 mg/l Kn. Shoot apex performed best in 0.5 mg/l Kn for all the varieties. As an explant both internode and leaf did not perform well. Direct regeneration from these explants was found best in PROP + 0.2 mg/l GA3 + 0.5 mg/l IAA; 1.0 mg/l BAP, 1.5 mg/l BAP and 2.0 mg/l BAP for Zaubilai, Challisha and Shadaguti, respectively. For rooting, of the in vitro grown shoots half strength of PROP medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/l IBA was found to be best. Cent percent survival of transplanted plantlets was recorded. The successful protocol for in vitro regeneration was developed which can be used for large scale production of these abiotic stress tolerant potato varieties.

Keywords: Potato, Indigenous varieties, In vitro regeneration, Abiotic stress, Nodal explant

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur,

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

In the present study, the morphogenic potential of four kinds of explants of three indigenous potato varieties have been evaluated to establish their in vitro regeneration protocol and determine their suitability for micropropagation

Methodology:

Salt stress tolerant local potato varieties, viz. Zaubilati, Shadaguti and nutritious variety Challisha were collected from Tuber Crops Research Centre (TCRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Bangladesh. Potato tubers were kept in the dark at 12°C. The potato sprouts were thoroughly washed under running tap water for 30 min with detergent to remove surface contamination. Finally, sprouts were sterilized by dipping sequentially in ethanol for 20 sec and then in 0.1% (w/v) HgCl₂ for 1 min. Thereafter, sprouts were washed three to four times with autoclaved distilled water to remove the traces of sterilants. The sterilized sprouts were excised into 0.2 ? 0.4 cm pieces and were transferred to culture media for sprout regeneration. Explants, such as shoot apex, node, internode and leaf were collected from these in vitro grown shoots. Explants were cultured on PROP (Haberlacha et al. 1985) medium supplemented with either BAP or Kn (0.5 ? 2.5 mg/l). The pH was adjusted to 5.8 before autoclaving. Cultures were maintained at 16 hrs photoperiod at 25 ± 2°C. In some cases, several roots developed spontaneously from in vitro grown shoots. But they were found to be inadequate for transplantation. Hence, shoots of 3 ? 4 cm in length were excised, and cultured on different rooting media, such as PROP, ½ PROP, ½ PROP + 0.1 mg/l IBA, ½ PROP + 0.5 mg/l IBA. Regenerated plantlets with sufficient roots (3 ? 5 cm in length) were transferred in soil. Before transfer to soil, rooted plantlets were kept for 5 ? 7 days at room temperature (30 ± 2⁰C) for acclimation. After that, plantlets were taken out from the test tubes, washed carefully under running tap water to remove any traces of agar. Then each plantlet was transferred into a small plastic pot containing garden soil, sand and decomposed cow dung at the ratio of 1 : 1 : 1 and kept in shade house for proper hardening. All the experiments were repeated three times with 20 samples in each treatment.

Source of Information: Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 24(1): 101-109, 2014 (June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

All the stress tolerant potato varieties and all the four explants responded well. Considering the responses, Shadaguti was found to be the best responsive genotype for in vitro regeneration. Moreover, among the four explants nodal segments showed the best regeneration. Similar responses were recorded in case of shoot apex. Nodal segments of Zaubilati and Challisha responded best in PROP without any hormone. Nodal explants of Shadaguti along with shoot apex in all the varieties showed best response in RPOP with 1.5 mg/l BAP. For rooting, half strength PROP supplemented with 0.5 mg/l IBA performed the best. All the transplanted plantlets survived in the natural environment. The present protocol is simple, with very less input of phytohormone and is genotype independent. The present protocol was found to be most suitable for stress tolerant potato varieties. Using this protocol it will be possible to produce plantlets of potato in large scale so that we can cultivate those in the saline affected coastal region. This is, furthermore, helpful for achieving local food security because rice is not growing well in the saline zones. Thus, the present protocol can be used for commercial production of potato plantlets for cultivation in saline affected areas of Bangladesh to enhance food security.

Knowledge Management: Journal