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Phenology and Degree Days of Rice Cultivars Under Organic Culture

M R ISLAM
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur

S SIKDER
Department of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Variations in the phenology and degree days of five fine rice cultivars viz., Rajshahi swarna, Silkumul, Kataribhog, Lal pajam and Sanla under organic and inorganic cultural conditions were studied following a split plot design. The requirement of days to attain various phenological stages was highest in Rajshahi swarna, medium in Silkumul, Kataribhog and Lal pajam and the lowest in Sanla for both the cultural conditions. The growing degree days (GDD) and heat use efficiency (HUE) were slightly higher under inorganic than organic culture because of higher life span of rice cultivars in inorganic culture. The highest GDD and HUE were found in Rajshahi swarna, whereas the lowest in Sanla. Results also showed that the requirement of days and GDD were initially higher up to maximum tillering stage under organic culture but thereafter these requirements were greater under inorganic culture for all the cultivars. The grain yield was somewhat lower in organic compared to inorganic culture. In Rajshahi highest grain yield of swarna was 2.90 and 2.74 t/ha under inorganic and organic culture, respectively.

Keywords: Phenology, Growing degree days, Heat use efficiency, Fine rice

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Knowledge Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The present study is aimed at studying the phenology and growing degree days of Bangladeshi fine rice cultivars using organic fertilizer.

Methodology:

The experiment was set at the research farm of Crop Physiology and Ecology Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during the aman season (August to December) of 2008. Five fine rice cultivars, viz. Rajshahi swarna, Silkumul, Kataribhog, Lal pajam and Sanla were used and cultivated in a split plot design with three replications. The unit plot size was 6 m2 (3m × 2m) having a plot to plot and block to block distance of 0.75 m and 1.0 m, respectively . There were 30 plots in the experiment. A fertilizer dose of 90-75-60-60-10 kg/ha was applied as N, P₂O₅, K₂O, S and Zn, respectively in the form of urea, TSP, MOP, gypsum and zinc oxide. Organic fertilizer of Northern Agro Services Ltd. (NASL) was used at the dose of 2 t/ha which contain N, P₂O₅, K₂O, S, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn and Cu as 4, 1.15, 1.5, 1, 2.5, 0.75 and 0.05%, 150, 170 and 24 ppm, respectively. Phenological stages include seedling establishment tillering, booting, heading, anthesis, milking, dough and maturity. The accumulated heat unit system is based on the idea that plants have definite temperature requirements to attain certain phenological stage. The GDD and HUE were calculated following Rajput (1980). Growing degree days (GDD) = Σ [(Tmax+Tmin)/2-Tb]. Here, (Tb = Base temperature = 10ºC) Heat use efficiency (HUE) = Grain yield (kg/ha)/GDD The treatment means were compared using DMRT as outlined by MSTAT program (Gomez and Gomez 1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 40(2): 149-153, 2011 (December)

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Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The interaction effect of cultural conditions and cultivars significantly influenced the heat use efficiency in most of the cases. Results showed that all the cultivars used heat more efficiently at inorganic as compared to organic culture. Under inorganic culture, Rajshahi swarna and Silkumul showed significantly higher HUE followed by Kataribhog, whereas Sanla and Lal pajam recorded lowest HUE. In case of organic culture, Rajshahi swarna had the highest HUE and Sanla showed the lowest heat use efficiency. The reduction in HUE the Rajshahi swarna and Lal pajam were lower and the highest reduction was found in Sanla followed by Kataribhog and Silkumul.Based on phenology, growing degree days, heat use efficiency and yield the farmer should be cultivated the cultivar Rajshahi swarna by using organic fertilizer.

Knowledge Management: Journal