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Influence of Wheat Growth on the Transformation of Inorganic Phosphorus in Dhamrai Soil

M. S. Amin
Soil Science Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh

S. Hoque
Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted in Dhamrai soil series (Typic Haplaquepts) to study the effect of wheat growth on inorganic phosphorus (P) transformation. The wheat plant population were zero (control), normal (3 plants/pot) and double (6 plants/pot). The soil samples were collected at 21 and 42 days after germination. Two levels of P as fertilizer were applied. Soluble and loosely bound phosphate (ES-P), aluminium phosphate (Al-P), iron phosphate (Fe-P), reductant soluble phosphate (RS-P) and calcium phosphate (Ca-P) fractions were determined. In creased plant population significantly increased the dissolution and transformation of relatively nonavailable form of P (RS-P and Ca-P) that helped the utilization of P from different fractions of inorganic P. The availability of P from different fractions to wheat plants was also evident from the experiment.

Keywords: Plant population, Wheat, Soil, Inorganic phosphorus

Location: Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka

Start Date: 01-04-2001

End Date: 23-01-2004

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of plant population of wheat crop on the utilization of soil phosphorus from different inorganic fractions.

Methodology:

The pot experiment with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was carried out during rabi season (04/12/2001-23/01/2002) in the net house of the Department of Soil, Water and Environment, University of Dhaka. Dhamrai soil series (Typic Haplaquepts) of non-calcareous origin was used for the pot experiment . The soil was silty clay in texture having pH 6.28, water content at 0.33 bar 40.33%, 1.88% organic matter and 0.07% total P. One kilogram of air-dried soil was taken in three liter plastic pot. A basal dose of N and K at the rate of 85 and 35 kg ha^-1 was applied as urea and muriate of potash (MP), respectively. Two levels of P from triple super phosphate (TSP) as fertilizer were applied at the rate of 0 and 25 kg P ha^-1, respectively. Wheat seeds were sown in each pot. The plant population maintained after 7 days of germination were zero (control), normal (3 plants/pot) and double (6 plants/pot). Soils were kept at field capacity at the time of seed sowing. Pots were watered regularly to keep the moisture at approximately field capacity level whenever needed. The experimental design was completely randomized factorial with 2 levels of P and 3 levels of plant density with 3 replications per treatment. The treatment were P₀W₀: Without P Fertilizer, Normal Plant population P₀W_a: Without P Fertilizer, Double Plant population P₂₅W_d: Without P Fertilizer, Double plant population, P₂₅W₀: With P fertilizer, Zero plant population Zero, P₂₅W_a: With P fertilizer, Normal Plant population, P₂₅W_d: With P Fertilizer, Double Plant population. Soil samples were collected from the pot at 21 days and 42 days after the germination of wheat seeds. Plants were harvested after 42 days of seed germination. Shoots were dried at 65°C for 48h in oven and dry weights were recorded. Finally, the dried samples were ground and were preserved in plastic bags. The inorganic P associated with different fractions was determined by ascorbic acid blue colour method. Statistical analysis were performed by using PROC GLM.

Source of Information: BANGLADESH JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE, Vol-31(1&2), P.21-27 June-December 2005, ISSN-0253-5440.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the findings of the present experiment it can be said that contribution of different fractions to the uptake of P by wheat varied with duration of crop growth and plant population may also have effects on the utilization of P from different fractions of soil P. Under higher plant population, Ca-P and RS-P were changed appreciably. Increased plant population had significant influence on the transformation of relatively nonavailable forms of P (RS-P and Ca-P) and their uptake by plants.

Knowledge Management: Journal