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Chilli and Sweet Gourd Cultivation Surrounding the Four Years Old Akashmoni Tree in Agroforestry System

M.M. Parveg
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

J. Kundu
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

H.M.S. Rahman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

G.M.M. Rahman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Char Kalibari which is situated by the side of Brahmaputra river adjacent to the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from October 2013 to March 2014 with the aim of evaluating the growth performance of two winter vegetable crops chilli and sweet gourd grown under four years old akashmoni (Acacia auriculiformis) tree of different distances. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data were collected on morphological characters and yield contributing characters of tree-crops and were analyzed for evaluation to see the treatment effects. The experiment consisted of different four treatments viz. T₀ (Open field as control), T₁ (50 cm distances from the tree base), T₂ (100 cm distances from the tree base) and T₃ (150 cm distances from the tree base). The morphological characters and also yield contributing characters were increased gradually in treatments where vegetable distance was more from akashmoni tree base. The highest values were observed under T₀ (open field as control) treatment and the lowest value was recorded under the close distance T₁ (50 cm from tree base). Different characteristics of chilli such as plant height, no. of primary branches plant-1, no. of leaves plant-1 and leaf size (length and breadth), no. of flowers plant-1, no. of fruits (branch^-1 and plant^-1), and fruit size (length × diameter), single fruit fresh weight and yield (t/ha) and sweet gourd such as plant length,no. of primary branches plant^-1, no. of leaves plant^-1and leaf size (length and breadth), no. of flowers (male and female), no. of fruits (branch^-1 and Plant^-1) and fruit size (length × diameter), single fruit weight and yield (t/ha) etc. were increased consistently with the increase of distance from the akashmoni tree base. The highest akashmoni tree growth was recorded under without vegetables which was statistically different along with chilli and sweet gourd combination. The lowest akashmoni tree growth was found in combination with sweet gourd. Among the two vegetable crops the higher akashmoni tree growth was found in association of chilli compare to sweet gourd combination.

Keywords: Chilli, Sweet gourd, Akashmoni, Agroforestry

Location: Char Kalibari which is situated by the side of Brahmaputra river adjacent to the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-10-2013

End Date: 00-03-2014

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Akash moni, Sweet gourd, Chilli

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the morphological characteristics and yield of chilli and sweet gourd grown along with akashmoni trees, 2. To identify the optimum distance from the tree base for optimum growth and yield of chilli and sweet gourd and 3. To observe the effect of chilli, and sweet gourd on the growth of akashmoni trees.

Methodology:

Experimental design and treatment combination: The Experimental design was done in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Different treatments of this study were; T₀ = Open field referred to as control, T₁ = 50cm distance from the tree, T₂ = 100cm distance from the tree, T₃ = 150cm distance from the tree. A characteristic feature of the experimental layout around each tree has been grown in open field without vegetables. Land preparation: The experimental land was first opened on October 2013 and the operation was done by spade. Then the land was fallow for few days. All crop residues and weeds were removed from the field and finally the land was properly leveled. Crop establishment and management: Chilli seeds were directly sown in the experimental plot on 1st November 2013. The seeds were sown by broadcasting. After emergence were thinned out maintaining l cm to 2 cm distance from plant to plant. Sweet gourd seed were sown on 20th November 2013 in the experimental plot by transplanting with maintaining suitable distance. Management practices: Different management practices such as fertilizer application, weeding, irrigation, thinning out, pest and disease management etc. were done for better growth of the chilli and sweet gourd plants. Harvesting: Sweet gourd was harvested at 95 days after seed sowing. It was harvested at several picking. chilli was harvested in several picking when the fruits appeared green and medium size. The chilli was harvested during 75 to 90 days after sowing. Method of data collection - Chilli: Five plant samples were selected randomly from all the treatments of the plots for data collection. Data were collected at 30, 60 and 90 days after sowing at 30 days intervals. Plant height (cm), no. of primary branches plant^-1, no. of leaves plant^-1, leaf length (cm), leaf breadth (cm), no. of flowers plant^-1, no. of fruits plant^-1, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), single fruit weight (g) and yield of chilli (t/ha) was recorded at each harvest time. The yield of fresh green chilli was determined from the summation of each fruit weight of a plant and then converted to t/ha. Sweet gourd: Five plant samples were selected randomly from all the treatments of the plots for data collection. Data were collected at vegetative stage and harvesting stage at 30 days intervals. The following plant characters of sweet gourd were recorded such as plant length (cm), no of primary branch plant^-1, no of leaves branch-1, no. of leaves plant-¹, leaf length (cm), leaf breadth (cm), no of flower plant^-1(male and female), no. of fruits plant^-1, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), single fruit weight (g) and yield of sweet gourd (t/ha) were recorded at each harvest time. Akashmoni tree: Ten tree samples were selected randomly from all the treatments of the plots for data collection. Sample trees were selected at before and after of vegetables cultivation. Tree height (cm) and tree girth (cm) were recorded. Data analysis: The recorded data were compiled and analyzed by RCBD design to find out the statistical significance of the experimental results. The means for all recorded data, the analyses of variance for all the characters and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test were performed using statistical package programmed MSTAC-C and WASP 2 software. Mean comparisons were done by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and also by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 8 (2): 31-34, 2014; ISSN 1995-6983

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Funding Source:

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Achievement/Findings:

The morphological characters and also yield contributing characters were increased gradually in treatments where vegetable distance was more from akashmoni tree base. The highest values were observed under T₀ (open field as control) treatment and the lowest value was recorded under the close distance T₁ (50 cm from tree base). Different characteristics of chilli such as plant height, no. of primary branches plant-1, no. of leaves plant-1 and leaf size (length and breadth), no. of flowers plant-1, no. of fruits (branch^-1 and plant^-1), and fruit size (length × diameter), single fruit fresh weight and yield (t/ha) and sweet gourd such as plant length,no. of primary branches plant^-1, no. of leaves plant^-1and leaf size (length and breadth), no. of flowers (male and female), no. of fruits (branch^-1 and Plant^-1) and fruit size (length × diameter), single fruit weight and yield (t/ha) etc. were increased consistently with the increase of distance from the akashmoni tree base. The highest akashmoni tree growth was recorded under without vegetables which was statistically different along with chilli and sweet gourd combination. The lowest akashmoni tree growth was found in combination with sweet gourd. Among the two vegetable crops the higher akashmoni tree growth was found in association of chilli compare to sweet gourd combination.

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