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Performance of Bitter Gourd in Combination with Lohakat Tree as Silviagricultural System

M.A. Islam
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.K. Hasan
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.M. Rahman
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Salna, Gazipur

M.A. Wadud
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from March 2013 to June 2013 with the aim of evaluating the growth performance of Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) grown in combination with six years old Lohakat (Xylia dolabriformis) trees. The experimental design was followed by Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Different distances from tree base viz. 0-0.75m, 0.75-1.5m were treatments of this study. There is a control treatments i.e., without tree condition or open field. The individual plot size was 6m x 2m and each plot contains two lohakat tree maintain 3m distance from one to another. In this study growth and yield of Bitter gourd was observed as fruit production purpose. Growth and yield of Bitter gourd in association with Lohakat tree was remarkably decreased with decreasing distance towards the tree base and the variation was very wide near the Lohakat tree base compare to open field condition. The result showed that morphological characteristics viz., Vine length(cm), no. of leaves per plant, leaf size, leaf area(cm²), number of branch per plant, number of fruit per plant, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), fruit weight (g) of Bitter gourd was less vigorous near the Lohakat tree base. Highest number of fruit per plant (28) was in open field condition which were almost identically obtained in 0.75-1.5m distance area (18) and lowest value was recorded in 0-0.75m distance area (15) from tree base. Individual fruit weight was highest in open field condition(68.5g) followed by 0.75-1.5m (52g) and 0-0.75m (44.5g) distance area from Lohakat tree base. Yield of fruit was highest in open field condition 7.8t/ha which was 37.18 and 58.94% lower in 0.75-1.5m and 0-0.75m distance area from Lohakat tree base, respectively.

Keywords: Bitter gourd, Lohakat, Silviagricultural system and Agroforestry.

Location: Agroforestry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-03-2013

End Date: 00-06-2013

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Lohakat, Bitter gourd

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the yield performance of bitter gourd and estimate the optimum distance of planting bitter gourd in association with lohakat tree.

Methodology:

Experimental site and location: The experiment was carried out at the experimental farm, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from 23 March 2013 to 15 June 2013. The place is geographically located at about 24°75? North latitude and 90°50? East longitudes. Soil characteristics: The topography of the field was medium high land above flood level belonging to the Old Brahamaputra Floodplain Agro-Ecological Zone-9. It is characterized by non calcareous dark grey flood plain soil having pH value from 6.5 to 6.8 and the soil texture is silty loam. It appeared cold but readily broken when pulverized. Climate and weather: The climate of the location was characterized by relatively high temperature and heavy rainfall during Kharif of summer season (April to October) and low temperature and little rainfall during Rabi or winter season (November to March). Tree and plant materials: In this study the six years old previously established Xylia dolabriformis tree were used as tree components. The seeds of Bitter gourd variety viz., Katrina were purchased from krishibid seed store, Notun Bazar, Mymensingh Town. Experimental design and treatment combination: Summer crop Bitter gourd was laid out following the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with single factorial arrangement with three replications. Individual plot size was 6m x 2m. Each treatment was replicated 3 times. Three treatments were T₁ (0.75-1.5m distance from the tree base), T₂ (0-0.75m distance from the tree base) and T₀ (Open field referred to as control). Sampling procedure and data collection: Bitter gourd plants were randomly selected for data collection. The parameter such as Plant height (cm), Number of primary branches/plant, Number of leaves/primary branches, Number of fruits/plant, Weight/fruits (g) and Fresh and Dry weight of fruits (t/ha). Data analysis: The analysis of variance for each of the studied character was done by F (variance ratio) test following Randomized Complete Block Design. The mean differences were evaluated finally by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% and 1% level of significance.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 8 (2): 51-53, 2014; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Growth and yield of Bitter gourd in association with Lohakat tree was remarkably decreased with decreasing distance towards the tree base and the variation was very wide near the Lohakat tree base compare to open field condition. The result showed that morphological characteristics viz., Vine length(cm), no. of leaves per plant, leaf size, leaf area(cm²), number of branch per plant, number of fruit per plant, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), fruit weight (g) of Bitter gourd was less vigorous near the Lohakat tree base. Highest number of fruit per plant (28) was in open field condition which were almost identically obtained in 0.75-1.5m distance area (18) and lowest value was recorded in 0-0.75m distance area (15) from tree base. Individual fruit weight was highest in open field condition(68.5g) followed by 0.75-1.5m (52g) and 0-0.75m (44.5g)distance area from Lohakat tree base. Yield of fruit was highest in open field condition 7.8t/ha which was 37.18 and 58.94% lower in 0.75-1.5m and 0-0.75m distance area from Lohakat tree base, respectively.

Knowledge Management: Journal