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Genetic Divergence in Yardlong Bean (vigna Unguiculata (l.) Walp. Ssp. Sesquipedalis Verdc.)

A K M MAHMUDUL HUQUE
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka

M K HOSSAIN
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka

N ALAM
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka

M HASANUZZAMAN
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur

B K BISWAS
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University, Dinajpur

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Genetic divergence among 13 commercial yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. ssp. sesquipedalis Verdc.) genotypes was investigated to select the parents for hybridization using Mahalanobis D² statistics. Cluster analysis was used for grouping 13 yardlong bean genotypes. The genotypes fall into four clusters. Cluster III had the maximum (5) and cluster I had the minimum (1) number of genotypes. Cluster III (D²= 1.439) had highest intra-cluster distance and the lowest in cluster I (D² = 0.000). The inter-cluster divergence ranged from 4.160 to 15.515 between clusters II and III and clusters I and II, respectively. The characteristics i.e. number of pods per plant, number of pods per cluster, days to first flowering, and vegetable pod yield per plant contributed maximum towards divergence among yardlong bean genotypes.

Keywords: Yardlong bean, Genetic divergence, D2 statistics

Location:

Start Date: 01-03-2011

End Date: 30-06-2011

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Yard long bean

Objectives:

This experiment was carried out to study genetic diversity and selection of suitable genotypes for future hybridization programme.

Methodology:

Thirteen commercial genotypes of yardlong bean (V. uniguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis) collected from different seed companies, Research Institutes and local seed markets were studied to measure the diversity among the genotypes. These are the best suited varieties released commercially through selection breeding technique and thus they could be good parents for hybridization programme. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications during March, 2011 - June, 2011. The experimental field was divided into 39 plots where genotypes were randomly assigned. The unit plot was 2 m × 2 m in size having 0.5 m wide drains between two adjacent beds and 1 m wide drain surrounding the entire experimental field for proper drainage. Manures and fertilizers were applied as per recommended dose. Recommended agronomic practices were followed to raise a good crop. Weeding was done as and when necessary to keep the crops free from weeds. Flood irrigation was given to the plants when necessary. Data on the 18 quantitative characters, namely plant height (cm), number of nodes per plant, number of primary branches per plant, terminal leaflet length (cm), terminal leaflet breadth (cm), days to first flowering, days to 50% flowering, days to 95% pod maturity, length of the harvesting time, length of cluster stalk, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), pod girth (mm), seed number per pod, 100 seed weight and pod yield per plant (g) were recorded from five randomly selected plants from each plot. Mean data for each character was subjected to multivariate Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Principal Coordinate Analysis (PCO) and Cluster Analysis (CLSA) using GENSTAT 5.13 (Mahalanobis 1936 and Digby et al. 1989).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Bot. 41(1): 61-69, 2012 (June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Considering the magnitude of genetic distance, contribution of characters towards the divergence and magnitude of cluster means for different characters, the following genotypes presented in the Table 9 were considered to perform better if used in hybridization programme. The genotypes Sobujsati of cluster I could be selected for earliness, number of pods per cluster and vegetable pod yield per plant. The genotypes Kegarnatki, Toki, Shada Sundori and Kashem King of the cluster IV could he selected for number of pods per plant. Vegetable pod yield is the principal character in yardlong bean in terms of economic return. This is a complex quantitative character. So, the selection for desirable types should not only be based on yield, the other yield components should also be considered. Direct selection for yield is often misleading in yardlong bean because vegetable pod yield is polygenically controlled. Thus, knowledge about the degree of interrelationship that exists among different component characters and with vegetable pod yield is important for devising an efficient selection criterion for fruit yield and a basis for planning and efficient breeding programme future

Knowledge Management: Journal