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Development of Two Improved Genotypes of Chickpea

K.M. Shamsuzzaman
Principal Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, BINA, P.O. Box-4, Mymensingh -2200

M. M. Islam
Seaior Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, BINA, P.O . Box-4, Mymensingh -2200

Munawara Begum
Assistant Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, BINA, P.O. Box-4, Mymensingh -2200

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In this study hybridization and induced mutation techniques were used to develop improved genotypes of chickpea. Some reciprocal crosses were made between Hyprosola and G-319. F₁, F₂, F₃, F₄ , F₅ and F₆ generations were grown and selections were made. Four desirable lines (P-70, P-34, P-63 and P-51) were selected from the cross materials. Two exotic genotypes G-319 and G-97 were treated with gamma-rays, sodium azide and combination with both the mutagens. M₁ M₂, M₃, M₄ and M₅ generations were grown and selections were made. Five elite mutants (L-84, L-86, L-82, L-67 and L-37) were selected and tested in successive generations. The strain, P-34 as high yielding with bright seed coat coloured and the strain P-70 having large seed size were developed from crossing materials. Similarly early maturing with medium seed sized mutant, L-84 was obtained from gamma rays induced mutations. Finally, the above three selected strains (P-70, P-34 and L-84) have been tested in preliminary, advanced and zonal yield trials. After evaluation in the successive generations, the genotype L-84 is considered as early maturing and P-34 as high yielding. The selected two genotypes P-34 and L-84 will be tested in farmers' field trials at different agro-ecological zones in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Chickpea, Hybridization,Mutation, Genotype

Location: BINA, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-1988

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Chickpea

Objectives:

To obtain early maturing and large seeded with better seed coat colour chickpea genotypes having higher seed yield.

Methodology:

A crossing program was under taken to develop early maturing, large seeded and high yielding genotype (s) of chickpea at BINA in 1988. One well adopted mutant variety, Hyprosola (having high yield with high protein) was reciprocally crossed with an exotic collected strain G-319 (having large seed size, bright seed colour and less adaptability). Only 21 viable F₁ seeds were obtained from the above crosses. Seeds obtained from F₁ plants were grown along with their parents. Selections were made on the basis of high yield, bright seed colour and large seed size in successive generations i.e., F₂ , F₃, F₄, F₅ and F₆. Only four F₇ lines were selected from the crossing population for growing preliminary yield trial. For another set of experiment with the same objectives, seeds of two exotic lines G-97 (now Binasola-2) and G-319 were treated with gamma-ray, sodium azide and also with combination of the two mutagens. The following doses of gamma rays were used: 200, 300, 400 and 500 Gy; concentration of sodium azide was 0.4 mM and the combined doses were 200 Gy+0.4 mM, 300 Gy+0.4 mM, 400 Gy+0.4 mM and 500 Gy+0.4 mM. In the first year (1989-1990), the treated seeds were sown in dose wise for raising M₁ generation. Seeds were collected from 4542 individual M₁ plants and were grown in plant progeny rows in M₂ generation. Only 87 individual plants were selectee.! on the basis of earliness, seed coat colour, seed size and seed yield from M₂ population and seeds of the selected plants were grown in M₃ and 14 generations for selecting true breeding lines. Selected M₅mutants were put into observation trials during 1993-94. Only five mutants were chosen to grow in preliminary yield trial from the irradiated population. Preliminary yield trial was conducted with four selected lines (P-70, P-34, P-63 and P-51) originated from crosses, five selected mutants (L-84, L-86, L-82, L- 67 and L-37) and three check varieties (Hyprosola, Binasola-2 and Barisola-3) during 1994-95 at Rajshahi . Finally two lines, P-70, P-34 and a mutant L-84 were selected for advanced yield trial. Advanced yield trial was conducted at Rajshahi (Barind) during 1995-96. Zonal yield trials were conducted with the above selected lines during five successive seasons 1996-2001 at Magura, Rajshahi, Jamalpur and Ishurdi. All the selected lines were grown at different locations in Bangladesh to observe the yield and other potentialities. Unit plot size was 5m x 4m in preliminary, advanced and zonal yield trials . Experimental design was randomized complete block design with three and four replications in preliminary and advanced yield trials respectively. Fertilizers, NPK were applied @ 25, 50, and 25 kg/ha, respectively. Weeding was done for its normal growth and insecticide was also sprayed to control the insects. Plant height (em), days to maturity, yield and yield contributing characters were recorded from preliminary advanced yield trials. Only days to maturity and seed yield were recorded from 101181 yield trials. Plot seed yield was converted into kg/ha. Statistical analyses were done.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Nuclear Agric. 18 : 45-53, 2002 ISSN 0258-7130

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that the two genotypes namely, L-84 and P-34 found to be more promising in respect of early maturity and seed yield. Therefore, the two strains, L-84 and P-34 were selected for registration to the National Seed Board after evaluation in the farmers' field.

Knowledge Management: Journal