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Integrated Nutrient Management in Maize-legume-rice Cropping Pattern and Its Impact on Soil Fertility

M. H. Rahman
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. R. Islam
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. Jahiruddin
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. Y. Rafii
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

M. M. Hanafi
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

M. A. Malek
Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Improved soil fertility is a precondition for increased crop production. Soil organic matter is a key factor in maintaining long-term soil fertility since it is the reservoir of metabolic energy, which drives soil biological processes involved in nutrient availability. Field experiments were conducted over three years during 2005 to 2007 at Bangladesh Agricultural University farm, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, using maize-legume-rice cropping pattern to see the effect of inorganic fertilizers along with organic manure and mungbean residue on soil properties and crop yields. For the first crop (maize), there were five treatments. After maize, seeds of mungbean and dhaincha (Sesbania) were sown as per treatments as legume crop. For rice (third crop), each of the treatments (T₂ and T₃ plots) were subdivided into six, so there were altogether 15 treatments. Integrated use of manure and inorganic fertilizers or Integrated Plant Nutrient System (IPNS) basis produced comparable seed yield of maize with the chemical fertilizers alone irrespective of moderate or high yield goal basis. The incorporation of Sesbania biomass and mungbean residue along with inorganic fertilizers for moderate yield goal produced identical grain yields of rice compared to fertilizers applied for high yield goal. After three years of cropping, the nutrient status of soils in control, fallow and mungbean residue removal plots showed a decreasing trend while incorporation of Sesbania biomass and mungbean residue had a positive effect on soil fertility. Therefore, addition of mungbean residues or Sesbania biomass to the fertilizer schedule ensures higher crop productivity and sustains soil fertility in maize-legume-rice cropping pattern.

Keywords: Inorganic fertilizer, Organic manure, IPNS, Yield, Soil fertility

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) farm, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2005

End Date: 31-12-2007

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Fertilizer, Mungbean, Maize, Rice

Objectives:

1. To see the effect of inorganic fertilizers along with organic manure and mungbean residue on soil properties and crop yields.

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted at Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) farm, Mymensingh, Bangladesh, for three consecutive years during 2005 to 2007. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Details of treatment combinations have been sown. In each year, maize was sown in the first week of November and harvested in the first week of April. After harvest of maize, seeds of mungbean as legume were sown in second week of April and dhaincha (Sesbania) as another legume was sown in third week of May in plots as per treatments. Pods of mungbean were plucked twice at fourth week of June to obtain seed yield. Mungbean residues and dhaincha (Sesbania) biomass were incorporated to the soil before transplanting of rice. Nitrogen contents of mungbean stover and dhaincha (Sesbania) were determined. Rice was transplanted in the fourth week of July and harvested at fourth week of October. The full dose each of farmyard manure (FYM), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulphur (S), zinc (Zn), boron (B) and one third of nitrogen (N) were applied in maize at the time of final land preparation. Rest of N was applied in two equal splits. For mungbean, full dose of P, K and S were applied as basal dose during final land preparation. Rice received different doses of N, P, K, and S fertilizers. Nitrogen was top dressed in three equal splits at 10, 35, and 55 days after transplanting. The yield of all the crops was recorded. The seed/grain and straw/ stover were analyzed for the determination of different nutrients. The soils of the experimental plots were collected at the end of three crop cycles and compared with the initial soil status. Standard methods were followed for analyzed the plant and soil samples.

Source of Information: Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol.11 (1): 648 - 652, 2013

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Integrated use of manure and inorganic fertilizers or Integrated Plant Nutrient System (IPNS) basis produced comparable seed yield of maize with the chemical fertilizers alone irrespective of moderate or high yield goal basis. The incorporation of Sesbania biomass and mungbean residue along with inorganic fertilizers for moderate yield goal produced identical grain yields of rice compared to fertilizers applied for high yield goal. After three years of cropping, the nutrient status of soils in control, fallow and mungbean residue removal plots showed a decreasing trend while incorporation of Sesbania biomass and mungbean residue had a positive effect on soil fertility. Therefore, addition of mungbean residues or Sesbania biomass to the fertilizer schedule ensures higher crop productivity and sustains soil fertility in maize-legume-rice cropping pattern.

Knowledge Management: Journal