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Effects of Arsenic and Its Interaction with Phosphorus on Yield and Arsenic Accumulation in Rice

M. R. Islam
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

M. Jahiruddin
Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was made on the effect of arsenic (As) and As × P interaction in Boro (dry season) rice. Arsenic was added to soil (having 2.6 mg/kg initial As) @ 0, 15 and 30 mg As/kg from Na₂HAsO₄.7H₂O and phosphorus @ 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg P/kg from KH₂PO₄. Each pot had received 100 mg/kg N, 40 mg/kg K and 25 mg/kg S from urea, muriate of potash (MoP) and gypsum, respectively. The grain yield of rice was reduced by 20.6 % for 15 mg/kg As treatment and 63.8 % due to 30 mg/kg As. Such reductions for straw yield were 21.0 and 65.2 % with these two As treatments, respectively. Arsenic concentration in grain and straw significantly increased due to arsenic application. The adverse effect of arsenic on rice was further enhanced by P addition. This reaction has an implication to P fertilizer management in rice.

Keywords: Arsenic, Phosphorus, Rice

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) farm

Start Date: 00-01-2006

End Date: 00-05-2006

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Arsenic

Objectives:

1. To evaluate the effect of arsenic and its interaction with P on yield loss and arsenic accumulation in rice. The experiment was conducted with varying doses of arsenic addition to soil having low arsenic content in order to understand the situation in high arsenic soil.

Methodology:

A pot-culture experiment was set up during Boro season (January-May) of 2006 with Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU) farm soil having low arsenic content (2.6 mg/kg) in a net-house of the Department of Soil Science of BAU, Mymensingh. Texturally the soil was silt loam with 6.7 pH, 2.28% organic carbon, 0.28% total N, 9.8 mg/kg available P, 14 mg/kg available S, 0.7 mg/kg available Zn and 0.11 molc/kg exchangeable K. The size of each pot was 43 cm in diameter and 40 cm in height. There were 15 treatments consisting of three doses of As (0, 15 and 30 mg/kg) and five doses of P (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mg/kg), their sources being Na₂HAsO₄.7H₂O and KH₂PO₄, respectively. The experiment was conducted in a two factorial completely randomized design with three replications. The seedlings (cv. BRRI dhan29) were transplanted in the pots on 26 January 2006. Every pot had received 100 mg/kg N from urea, 40 mg/kg K from muriate of potash (MoP) and 25 mg/kg S from gypsum. Nitrogen was added in three splits, the first split during final land preparation and the remaining splits at 35 days and 60 days after transplanting. Intercultural operations such as weeding and irrigation were done whenever required. The crop was harvested at maturity and the data on yield and yield parameters were recorded. Plants of all three hills from each pot were measured and averaged to record the yield contributing characters. The grain and straw As content was determined after digesting the samples with HNO₃ and H₂O₂ at 120°C followed by flow injection hydride generation atomic absorption spectrophotometer (UNICAM model No. 969) with hydride generator assembly using matrix-matched standards. Nitrogen content of grain and straw was determined after digesting the samples with H₂O₂ and H₂SO₄ in presence of catalyst mixture. Phosphorus was determined from HNO₃ and HClO₄ (3:1 ratio) digest following phosphomolybdate blue colour method. All the plants data were statistically analyzed following F-test and the difference between treatment means was adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The grain yield of rice was reduced by 20.6 % for 15 mg/kg As treatment and 63.8 % due to 30 mg/kg As. Such reductions for straw yield were 21.0 and 65.2 % with these two As treatments, respectively. Arsenic concentration in grain and straw significantly increased due to arsenic application. The adverse effect of arsenic on rice was further enhanced by P addition. This reaction has an implication to P fertilizer management in rice.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings