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Incidence and Damage Severity of Pod Borer, Helicoverpa Armigera (hubner) in Chickpea (cicer Arietinum L.)

M. Altaf Hossain
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute,Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

M. Azizul Haque
Department of Entomology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

M. Z. H. Prodhan
Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute,Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Incidence, population fluctuations and damage severity of pod borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) chickpea was studied at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh during rabi crop seasons of 2003-04 and 2004-05. The incidence started in 2nd to 4th week of January irrespective of sowing dates. The borer population fluctuated depending on the dates of sowing. Pod borer population was higher in the early sown crops (October 15 to November 01) and with delayed the dates of sowing from November 01 to 30 population was decreased and then increased again. It was observed that both the early (October 15 to November 01) and late sown (December and onward) crops received higher pod borer damage and produced lower yield. But mid sown (November 08 to 30) crops received less pod borer damage and produced higher yield. Hence, for ensuring higher yield with less pod borer damage, chickpea should be sown within the range of November 08 to 30 and the best date of sowing seems to be November 15.

Keywords: Chickpea, Pod borer, Population fluctuation, Damage severity, Yield.

Location: Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2003

End Date: 00-00-2004

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Chickpea

Objectives:

To study the seasonal incidence, population fluctuation and damage severity of chickpea pod borer for developing its management package.

Methodology:

Experiments were conducted at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Ishurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh during rabi seasons of 2003-04 taking 6 sowing dates interval of 15 days within October 15 to January 15. To fine tune optimum period of sowing in relation to minimum pod borer damage with higher yield the experiment was repeated in 2004-05 with taking 6 sowing dates interval of 7 days within October 25 to November 30. The experiments were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments were randomly allotted in each block. The unit plot size was 3m x 4m with a distance of 100 cm between the plots and 150 cm between the replications. The seeds of BARI-chola 5 of chickpea were sown in rows with the spacing of 50 cm. The populations of the plants were maintained constant by keeping plant to plant distance of 10 cm. The chickpea plants of different sowing dates were closely examined at regular intervals commencing from germination to harvest. The data on the first appearance of pod borer in the field were recorded. Pod borer population per plant was recorded at weekly intervals from the randomly tagged 16 plants in central rows of each plot starting from flowering to pod maturity. At maturity, all the pods were collected from 10 randomly selected plants from middle rows of each plot and examined. The damaged (bored) and total numbers of pods were counted and the per cent pod damage was determined using the following formula: % Pod damage = (Number of damaged pods)/(Total number of pods) x 100 The crops of middle four rows, avoiding border rows, of each plot compairing 8m² (2mx4m) area was harvested. The pods were then threshed; grains were cleaned and dried in the bright sunshine. The grain yield obtained from each plot was converted into per hectare. The experimental data were analyzed by MSTAT-C software. The percent data were transformed by square root transformation for statistical analysis. Mean comparisons for treatment parameters were compared using Duncans, Multiple Range Test (Steel and Torrie, 1960) at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(2), 221-224, 2008

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is concluded from both the years study that the incidence of chickpea pod borer started in 2nd to 4th week of January irrespective of sowing dates and its population increase was very much dependent on the time of sowing of the cropping season. The early and late sown crops received higher pod borer damage than mid sown crops of the cropping season. Hence, for ensuring higher yield with less pod borer damage, chickpea should be sown within the period of November 08 to November 30 and the best date of sowing should be November 15.

Knowledge Management: Journal