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Influence of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Phosphorus Levels on Dry Matter Production and Nutrients Uptake by Tomato Seedlings

M. A. M. Rashid
Senior Scientific Officer (SSO), Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. A. H. Chowdhury
Senior Scientific Officer (SSO), Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. A. H. Bhuiyan
Senior Scientific Officer (SSO), Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

To investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and phosphorus (P) rates on the uptake of primary and secondary nutrients by tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Milli) cv. BARI Tomato-2 seedlings, under P levels ranging from low to excessive, plants were grown in five levels of P (0, 7.5, 15.0, 22.5 and 30.0 mg P kg^-1 soil) as TSP, either inoculated with AM or without AM. The total dry matter yield and uptake of N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg nutrients was significantly influenced by AM inoculation. Nutrient use efficiency in the AM-inoculated seedlings was also significantly higher than that in uninoculated seedlings. The application of different levels of P lonely increased different nutrients and its uptake positively up to certain level, but at higher level influenced negatively. The N, P, K, S, Ca and Mg content and uptake all were the highest when P applied @ 30 kg ha^-1 and the lowest @ 0 kg P ha^-1 but uptake found the lowest @ 60 kg P ha^-1. There was a significant interaction effect of AM and P levels on nutrients content and their uptakes positively up to certain level, but at higher level of P combination influenced negatively. Among the treatment combinations, P₃₀ x I showed the highest nutrient contents under study and their uptakes but dry matter yield gave the highest value when AM was applied with P @ 15 kg ha^-1.

Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza, Primary and secondary nutrients, Phosphorus, Tomato

Location: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Tomato

Objectives:

To evaluate the effectiveness of symbioses between the tomato seedlings and AM fungi (Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices) on the uptake of major nutrient and phosphorus assimilation at low and higher soil phosphorus levels.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at net house in the Department of Agricultural Chemistry of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD), with three replicates and ten treatment combinations. Each treatment consisted of five P rates i. e., 0, 7.5, 15.0, 22.5, 30.0 mg P kg^-1 soil (from TSP) in combination with and without AM inoculation. The soil was air dried, pulverized and passed through a 2 mm sieve. The soil was then sterilized with hot air at 100°C for 48 hours. The soil had an initial pH of 6.8, organic matter content of 0.68%, total nitrogen 0.11%, potassium 0.13 me/100 g (Flame Photometer Method) and available phosphorus 31.98 μg g-1 soil (Bray No. 2 Method). The VA mycorrhizal fungi inoculants consisting of spores, mycorrhizal root fragments and infected soil was collected from pot cultures of trap of sorghum. A Solanaceae crop tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Milli) cv. BARI tomato-2 was used as the test species. Seeds were treated with hot water at 80°C for five minutes and soaked over night. In the AM inoculated treatment a hole of about 3 cm depth and fifty grams of mixed AM inoculum was used in the seed furrows. The seed was seeded at the centre of the hole above the inoculum layer. Watering and other cultural operation were done regularly as when necessary. The plants were harvested at 35 days after germination. Weights of the plants with attached roots and without roots were taken immediately after harvesting. The harvested plants were then dried in the sun for few days and oven dried for 72 hours until moisture content reaches to minimum condition. The dried materials of each treatment was weighed and stored for chemical analysis. The whole plant (all leaves, stem and roots) was processed for chemical analysis. The samples were ground and approximately 1 g/ sample was used for chemical analysis. Wet oxidation method (using HNO₃: HClO₄ = 2:1) was used to digest the samples. The digest sample was subsequently analyzed for total N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S contents and their uptake following standard method. The data were analyzed using the appropriate statistical tools.

Source of Information: Progress. Agric. 19(2) : 75-84, 2008 ISSN 1017-8139

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the treatment combinations, P₃₀ x 1 showed the highest primary and secondary nutrients contents and their uptakes but dry matter yield gave the highest value when AM was applied with P @ 15 kg ha^-1. The study ventilated that AM use as a biofertilizer for production of tomato seedlings reduced phosphatic fertilizer uses.

Knowledge Management: Journal