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Selection of Dwarfing Pear Rootstock Clones from Pyrus Betulaefolia and P. Calleryana Seedlings

Dr. Mahbub Robbani
Professor
Department of Horticulture, PSTU, Dumki, Patuakhali

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A rootstock trial has been established to develop dwarfing pear rootstock clones from Pyrus species. Seedlings that were raised from the open pollinated seeds of P. betulaefolia Bunge (PB) and P. calleryana Decne (PC); and showed significant genetic dwarfing growth and good traits based on ease of clonal propagation were screened. Among those, four seedlings of PB named SPRB1, SPRB13, SPRB15, and SPRB22 (SPRB= Shinshu University Pear Rootstock P. betulaefolia clone) and six seedlings of PC named SPRC3, SPRC5, SPRC8, SPRC13, SPRC15, and SPRC20 (SPRC= Shinshu University Pear Rootstock P. calleryana clone) were selected. Clones that were generated from the selected seedlings had significantly higher rooting ability by softwood cuttings compared with the control during an 8-year test. Japanese pear ‘Kosui’ and European pears ‘La France’ and ‘Conference’ revealed a dwarfing growth habit when grafted onto the selected clones. All scion/stock combinations interacted significantly to affect shoot growth, trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA), and canopy spread. There was no noticeable difference in the fruit yield per tree of three cultivars grafted on PB and SPRB1, but the estimated yields per ha increased more than 20% in all cultivars on SPRB1. ‘La France’ trees on SPRB15 and SPRC20 began to bear early with significantly higher yields. Fruit quality characteristics of ‘La France’ and ‘Conference’ did not differ because of the influence of stock clones, however, ‘Kosui’/SPRB1 had lower average fruit weight that corresponded to the lighter fruit skin color.

Keywords: Dwarfing rootstock clone, Pear, P. betulaefolia, P. calleryana.

Location:

Start Date: 01-01-2004

End Date: 01-06-2006

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Pear

Objectives:

To test the postulation that the dwarfing clones from open-pollinated progenies of PB and PC may induce dwarfing scion growth as well as other important pomological traits.

Methodology:

Numerous seeds of PB and PC that originated from open-pollination were germinated for seedling production during 1992. Seedlings, possessing a wide range of vigor, were assessed. A total of 1530 PB seedlings and 531 PC seedlings were screened as dwarf seedlings. Low-vigor seedlings were primarily screened from the progenies for further investigations on their growth performance and proliferating ability. The selected seedlings from PB and PC were named SPRB and SPRC, respectively. The selected progenies and their parental counterparts (PB and PC as controls) were multiplied clonally by softwood cuttings under mist. Sub-apical cuttings were taken from actively growing shoots. Cuttings, 12–15 cm with 2–3 leaves at the distal end, were inserted vertically to a depth of 5–7 cm in a moist mixture of Kanuma soil and peat moss (1:1, v/v). Rooting by softwood cuttings of the selected seedlings and their clones were estimated once per year. Trunk circumference or diameter of each tree was measured 5 cm above the base each November during the 8-year experiment. Simultaneously, the trunk cross-sectional area (TCSA) was computed and recorded. Final screening was made on the basis of dwarfing growth and proliferating ability of the clones as two primary criteria.

Source of Information: Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science 75 (1):1-10

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A dwarfing pear rootstock clone was selected with desirable pomological traits.

Knowledge Management: Journal