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Effect of Pituitary Gland (pg) Doses on Artificial Propagation of Endangered Tarabaim, Macrognathus Aculeatus (bloch)

S. M. Farid
Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries & Livestock, Bangladesh, Dhaka

M. I. Miah
Professor
Department of Fisheries Management, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. A. B. Habib
Professor
Department of Aquaculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. M. Rahman
Department of Fisheries, Ministry of Fisheries & Livestock, Bangladesh, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Five hormone doses viz., 40, 60, 70, 85 and 90 mg of Pituitary gland (PG)/kg body endangered Tarabaim (Macrognathus aculeatus) were tested and they were designated as Treatments T₁, T₂, T₃, T₄ and T₅, respectively. Significantly (p<0.05) higher fertilization (86%) and hatching rates (50%) were obtained from T₅ (90 mg of PG extract/kg body weight) than those of other treatments. However, T₄ (85 mg of PG extract/kg, body weight) and T₃ (70 mg of PG extract/kg body weight) gave the highest (90%) ovulation rate. In May and June, the highest fertilization rate of 82% and 86% respectively and hatching rate 45% and 75%, respectively were obtained at the temperature ranged from 27.0 to 33.0ºC. In conclusion, PG extract at a dose of 90 mg/kg body weight appeared to be the suitable dose for artificial propagation of M. aculeatus, May and June are the suitable months for its artificial propagation.

Keywords: Artificial Propagation, Pituitary gland, Macrognathus aculeatus, Tarabaim

Location: Fisheries Field Laboratory complex, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-04-2004

End Date: 00-04-2005

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Aquatic animal

Objectives:

To find out optimal dose of hormones for successful breeding of large scale Tarabaim, M. aculeatus fry.

Methodology:

The wild brood fish including Male and female of Macrognathus aculeatus was collected from the different places of Mymensingh district for breeding purpose. The collected brood fishes were stocked in Fisheries Field Laboratory complex, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University during the period of one year from April 2004 to March 2005 or May 2004 to April 2005 and reared up to full mature stage. Proper rearing and maintenance of brood stock of both sexes to prime mature condition is a pre-requisite for successful induced breeding. The fishes were fed with a mixture of mustard oil cake, rice bran, wheat bran, fish meal, vitamin premix and di-calcium phosphate at the ratio of 20 : 33 : 25 : 20 : 1 : 1. Feeds were given at the rate of 4-5% of total body weight of fish per day. One ml disposable syringe was used for injecting hormone to the recipient fish. The appropriate amount of diluted hormone stock solution was taken in the syringe. Then the fishes were caught very carefully from the spawning tank by net. A piece of clean, soft and wet cloth was used to wrap up the fish and kept lying on a table. The accurate dose of hormone solution was administered at the basal part of the dorsal fin. Needle was inserted at an angle of 45° with the body. During range finding test with double doses, it was found that PG extract between 35 and 45 mg/kg body weight was required for first injection, while second injection required 40 to 55 mg PG/kg body weight in the case of female spawners. Twenty female fishes were injected with PG extract and 10 female were placed in each of the one spawning hapas. At the time of second injection of female, male fishes were injected with PG extract at the rate of 35 to 40 mg/kg body weight. Single dose from 80 to 95 mg PG/kg body weight was injected in the case of female spawners. At the same time, the male fishes were injected at the rate of 35 to 45 mg PG/kg body weight and placed 10 male and 10 female fishes in separate hapas. Breeding behavior and spawning activities were observed up to ovulation time. After eighteen hrs of hormonal injection, the brooders were caught and checked. Spawning took place inside the breeding tank usually within 36 to 40 hrs after administration of 2nd hormone injection. M. aculeatus generally breeds naturally inside the breeding tank. However, due to adhesive characteristic of fertilized eggs, it was preferably stripped for better fertilization. Male and female fishes were kept in the spawning hapa after injection. Dry method of stripping was followed as a routine procedure. At first, female fishes were stripped to collect eggs in an enamel tray. Milt from the male fish was collected by applying slight pressure on its abdomen. Each hatching tray with 10 L capacity contained 5000 eggs. The flow of water in the tray was regulated during the incubation period. Normally the rate of flow of water was maintained at 500 to 700 ml/min. The eggs hatched out within 36 to 40 hrs at temperature ranged from 27 to 33^oC. During incubation period, dead embryos were removed to prevent fungal growth. Number of live eggs in each group was determined within 2 to 3 hrs of fertilization. The fertilization and hatching rate was calculated by the following formula : Fertilization rate = (Number of fertilized eggs / Number of total eggs) x 100; Hatching rate = (Number of hatchlings / Number of fertilized eggs) × 100; Number of fertilized eggs. The data of fertility and hatchability were further tested following one way ANOVA to assess significant difference between treatment groups and then using Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT). The data were analysis using statistical package through computer following Standard Methods.

Source of Information: Progress. Agric. 19(2) : 111-118, 2008 ISSN 1017-8139

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In the present study, it was found that M. aculeatus breeds from Ma Further increase in the amount of hormone doses resulted in lower reproductive performances. Dose specificity of PG extract as observed in the present study. Significant variation was observed in fertilization and hatching rate of M. aculeatus eggs following administration of PG extract. It is evident from the findings of the present study that PG extract is effective in induction of spawning of M. aculeatus under controlled hatchery condition. The hatchery operators may use PG for artificial propagation of M. aculeatus. Overall consideration, PG extract at the rate of 90 mg/kg body weight appeared to be the suitable dose for artificial propagation of M. aculeatus.

Knowledge Management: Journal