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Remediation of Arsenic Contaminated Soils by Naturally Grown Weeds

M. W. Zaman
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

I. M. Shariful
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali

M. Mokhlesur Rahman
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A remediation study was conducted to reduce arsenic from contaminated soils using three selected weeds during 2005-2006. Soils were collected from sadar upazila of Faridpur district. Water hyacinth, barnyard grass and water taro were used for this study. Arsenic uptake increased with increasing levels of As for three selected weeds and accumulation of As in root was always higher than the respective shoot. The highest As concentration was found in barnyard grass (56.93 and 26.50 mg As kg^-1 root and shoot, respectively) followed by water taro (46.40 and 19.77 mg As kg^-1 root and shoot, respectively) and water hyacinth (45.50 and 17.03 mg As kg^-1 root and shoot, respectively) at soil-1 (116 mg As kg^-1 soil). In soil-2 and soil-3, the higher arsenic was also obtained in barnyard grass. The highest recovery was recorded in water hyacinth due to higher biomass production.

Keywords: Weed arsenic, Contamination, Arsenic accumulators, Phytoremediation, Soil arsenic

Location: Department of Agricultural Chemistry,Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-05-2006

End Date: 00-09-2006

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Contamination of soil

Objectives:

1. To remediate arsenic contaminated soils by naturally grown weeds and to assess arsenic accumulation pattern in root and shoot of three weeds.

Methodology:

A pot culture experiment was conducted in the net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from May to September, 2006 and the laboratory analysis was completed in November 2006. Soils were collected from the three arsenic contaminated sites of Sadar Upazila of Faridpur district, which were known as severely arsenic contaminated area. Exactly 5 kg soil was taken in a series of plastic pots. Proper spacing was maintained among the pots for convenience of cultural operations. The experiment was laid out in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. Exactly 20 mg N and 20 mg P kg^-1 soil were added from urea and TSP, respectively. Weed seedlings were collected from Agronomy Field of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, known as arsenic contamination free areas. The criteria used for selecting weeds for As remediation were high As tolerance, high bioaccumulation factor, short life cycle, high propagation rate, wide distribution and large shoot biomass. Three seedlings were transplanted in each pot. Weeds were uprooted carefully at 45 days after transplanting. The collected plant sample was digested by wet oxidation method using diacid mixture (HNO₃: HClO₄= 2:1). Arsenic content of soil and plant extracts was determined by hydride generator atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The data generated out of the experiment were statistically analyzed

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 2(1): 1-6, 2008; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Arsenic uptake increased with increasing levels of As for three selected weeds and accumulation of As in root was always higher than the respective shoot. The highest As concentration was found in barnyard grass (56.93 and 26.50 mg As kg^-1 root and shoot, respectively) followed by water taro (46.40 and 19.77 mg As kg^-1 root and shoot, respectively) and water hyacinth (45.50 and 17.03 mg As kg^-1 root and shoot, respectively) at soil-1 (116 mg As kg^-1 soil). In soil-2 and soil-3, the higher arsenic was also obtained in barnyard grass. The highest recovery was recorded in water hyacinth due to higher biomass production.

Knowledge Management: Journal