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Effect of Industrial Effluents on the Germination and Seedling Growth of Three Leafy Vegetables

Shameem Ara Begum
Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh

M. Jahangir Alam
Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh

Syed Shayfur Rahman
Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh

M. Mizanur Rahman
Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet 3114, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study was conducted to determine the effect of industrial effluents on seed germination and seedling growth of some leafy vegetables under pot culture condition. Waste water sample was collected from natural gas fertilizer factory Limited, Fenchuganj, Sylhet. Four different leafy vegetables were selected as test crop to grow using these effluents. The design of the experiment was randomized complete block. The effects of different concentration of effluent were compared to that of distilled water (control). The results revealed that different concentrations of the extract caused significant inhibitory effect on germination and root elongation but benefited the shoot elongation. Maximum reduction in germination and root length was observed with the increase in effluent concentration, but increasing the shoot length. Bioassays indicated that the effects were proportional to the concentrations of the effluents and higher concentration showed stronger effect. Different physicochemical parameters of water e.g. pH, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, Total dissolve solids (TSS), total suspended solids (TSS) etc. of the sample was also analyzed. It was found that the values were far apart from the optimum values that require for safe aquatic environment to establish an aquatic ecosystem on water body. It can be concluded that polluted water is becoming a threat for the crops and also for aquatic environment with the passage of time as more and more wastes are becoming a part of it.

Keywords: Industrial effluents, Aquatic environment, Seed germination, Seedling growth, Pollution.

Location: Department of Chemistry, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Commodity: Efluent

Objectives:

Objective of this research was to determine the effect of industrial effluents on seed germination, for which wastewater sample was collected from Natural Gas Fertilizer Factory Limited, Fenchuganj, Sylhet.

Methodology:

The present study was conducted with five different concentrations (treatments) of wastewater collected from natural gas fertilizer factory limited, Sylhet. The treatments were made by dissolving calculated amount of waste water in distilled water i.e. control, 25, 50, 75 and 100%. The following treatments were used in the experiments: T₀ = seeds of receptor plants grown in distilled water only (control), T₁ = seeds of receptor plants grown in fruits extracts of 25% concentration, T₂ = seeds of receptor plants grown in fruits extracts of 50% concentration, T₃ = seeds of receptor plants grown in fruits extracts of 75% concentration, T₄ = seeds of receptor plants grown in fruits extracts of 100% concentration. The germination test was carried out in sterile petridishes having 12 cm in size placing whatman no. 40 filter paper on it. Each concentration of effluent was added to each petridish of respective treatment daily in such an amount just to allow the seeds to get favorable moisture for germination and growth. The control was treated with distilled water only. 20 seeds of each type of seed were placed in the petridish at room temperature (26±2)^oC. The experiment extended over a period of 7 days to allow the last seed germination and measurement of the root and shoot length. The results were determined by counting the number of germinated seeds and measuring the length of primary root and main shoot on the 7th day of the experiment. The ratio of germination and elongation were calculated as suggested by (Haque et al, 1971). Relative germination ratio (RGR) = (mean germination of tested plant ÷ germination rate of control) × 100. Relative elongation ratio (RER) of shoot = (mean shoot length of tested plant ÷ mean shoot length of control) × 100. Relative elongation ratio (RER) of root = (mean root length of tested plant ÷ mean root length of control) × 100. Effluent taken from industry was subjected to different tests for analysis. Standard methods (Bazai et al, 2006) were used to determine pH, conductivity, and total solids, dissolved solids, suspended solids, DO (Dissolve oxygen), BOD (Biological oxygen demand), COD (Chemical oxygen demand). The data were analyzed statistically and the difference between means were compared by LSD followed by DMRT (Duncun, 1957).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 45(2), 101-104, 2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results revealed that different concentrations of the extract caused significant inhibitory effect on germination and root elongation but benefited the shoot elongation. Maximum reduction in germination and root length was observed with the increase in effluent concentration, but increasing the shoot length. Bioassays indicated that the effects were proportional to the concentrations of the effluents and higher concentration showed stronger effect. Different physicochemical parameters of water e.g. pH, temperature, conductivity, dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD), turbidity, Total dissolve solids (TSS), total suspended solids (TSS) etc. of the sample was also analyzed. It was found that the values were far apart from the optimum values that require for safe aquatic environment to establish an aquatic ecosystem on water body. It can be concluded that polluted water is becoming a threat for the crops and also for aquatic environment with the passage of time as more and more wastes are becoming a part of it.

Knowledge Management: Journal