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Environment FRIendly Antibacterial Activity of Water Chestnut Fruits

Mohammad A. Razvy
Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Mohammad O. Faruk
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi6205, Bangladesh

Mohammad A. Hoque
Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Mohammad A. Hoque
Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Antibacterial activities of the fruit extract of two varieties (Green and red varieties) of water chestnut by the disc diffusion method from methanol extract were studied. The extract of red variety of water chestnut showed high antibacterial potential (31mm) against Bacillus subtilis with the concentration of 600µ. On the other hand, green variety showed highest antibacterial activities (12mm) against both Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella sonnei with the concentration of 600µg kanamycin used as standard. In this disc diffusion assay, the methanol extract of red variety was found to have a significant antibacterial efficiency than the extract of green variety of water chestnut. These findings pinpoint the efficiency of these extracts to inhibit microbial growth. It may lead to the development of a new phyto-medicine.

Keywords: Trapa, Fruit, Methanol extract, Antibacterial activities

Location: Botanical garden, Rajshahi University

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Cashewnut

Objectives:

To characterize some secondary compounds from the two varieties (green and red) of water chestnut and investigate their antibacterial effect.

Methodology:

Plant materials used as mature fresh fruit of Trapa bispinosaI Roxb., were collected from experimental field of Botanical garden at Rajshahi University campus, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh. Eight pathogenic bacteria including five strains of gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Sarcina lutea and Bacillus cereus) and three strains of gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Shigella sonnei) were used for the bioassay study. The pure strain was identified and obtained from Gene Engineering and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh. Bacterial cultures were pre-grown on nutrient broth at 37.5°C for 24h. Cultures were spread on nutrient agar nutrient agar media (Difco). For preparing of 100ml nutrient agar media, 0.5g peptone, 1g yeast extract, 0.5g sodium chloride and 2g agar were dissolved in distilled water. This composition of the nutrient was maintained constantly throughout the work.The nutrient agar medium was prepared and dispersed in a number of clean test tubes to prepare slants (5ml in each test tube). For preparing the test sample, three different amounts (5mg, 10mg and 20mg) of methanol extract (ME) of each water chestnuts sample (Green and Red) were dissolved in 0.5ml water in separate glass vial. The concentrations were 10μg/μl, 20μg/μl and 40μg/μl, respectively for each extract. Preparation of discs Three types of discs were prepared for antibacterial screening. After incubation, the antibacterial activities of the test samples were determined by measuring the diameter of inhibitory zones (mm) with a transparent scale. The antimicrobial activity of the methanol extract having different concentration (200µg/disc, 400µg/disc and 600µg/disc), was tested against eight bacteria. Kanamycin disc (30µg/disc) was used for comparing the bioassay.

Source of Information: Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences (JBES, Vol. 1(I): 26-34, 2011, ISSN 2220-6663

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This medicinal plant has a wide range of antibacterial activity and supports the traditional use of these plants as medicines. This study also demonstrated that herbal medicine can be as effective as modern medicine to combat pathogenic microorganisms. This work has highlighted the antimicrobial effects of fruit extract of T. bispinosa on some of the medically important pathogens. These investigations open a new window and suggest the potentialities of these extracts as antibacterial agent. Hence, T. bispinosa fruit could be used as a guide in our continuing search for new natural products with potential medicinal properties as it will lead to the development of a phyto-medicine to act against microbes.

Knowledge Management: Journal