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Effect of Salinity Stress on Ion Uptake and Yield Attributes in Some Rice Cultivars

A.K. Sen
M.S student
Department of Crop Botany , Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

M. Tariqul Islam
Senior Scientific Officer
Bangladesh lnstitl1te of Nuclear Agriculture , Mymensingh .

M.O. Islam
Assistant Professor
Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) , Mymensingh to evaluate salinity tolerance level of rice cultivars viz. BRRI dhan 40, Binasail and Vatial (local) during T. Aman season of 2001. Salinity levels were 4.3 and 8.6 dsm^-1' with a control (0.22 dSm^{- 1} ). Salinity stress was evaluated in terms of ion uptake- in plant leaves. Sodium ions increased but potassium and calcium ions decreased in leaf under the stated saline conditions. However , among the cultivars, BRRI dhan40 and Binasail contained less sodium ions in leaves. Sodium content was the highest in Vatial. Effective tillers, panicle length, filled grains, 1000-grain weight, grain yield per hill and harvest index (HI) were reduced but non-effective tillers and unfilled grains per hill were increased with the increase levels of salinity compared to control. BRRI dhan40 and Binasail showed better performance in terms of yield and yield attributes up to 8.6 dSm^-1' soil salinity. But the yield and yield attributes of the rice variety Vatial, were drastically decreased with the increase of soil salinity. BRRI Dhan 40 was found tolerant, Binasail was moderately tolerant and Vatial was susceptible to imposed salinity of 4.3 and 8.6 dSm^-1'.

Keywords: Rice, Salinity, Ion, Yield

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA)

Start Date: 00-00-2001

End Date:

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To assess the effect of salinity stress on ion uptake and yield attributes in some rice cultivars and evaluate their salt tolerance levels .

Methodology:

A pot experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) during Aman season of 2001, to evaluate salinity tolerance levels of some rice cultivars viz. BRRI dhan 40, Binasail and Vatial (Local). 3.5 kg soils were taken in each pot. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications. 198.33 mg Urea , 157.50 mg TSP, 75.83 mg MP and 70 mg Gypsum were incorporated to each pot soils to apply 170 kg Urea , 135 kg TSP, 65 kg MP and 60 kg Gypsum per hectare, respectively. All TSP, MP, Gypsum and one third of Urea were applied as basal dose. The remaining two thirds of Urea were applied in two equal splits in each pot at 30 and 50 days after transplanting (DAT) of seedlings. The salinity treatments were S_o(Control), S₁ (4.3 dSm^{- 1} ) and S (8.6 dSm^{- 1}). Adding 7.2 g and 14.4 g of NaCl in pot made salinity levels of 4.3 dSm^-1 and 8.6 dSm^{- 1} , respectively . At 55 DAT the following treatments were started and maintained until harvest: S_o= Control, no salt were added (Average EC value was found to be 0.22 dSm^{- 1} ), S₁ = 0.5% NaCl of required water for 100% FC in the soils (Soil salinity obtained, EC = 4.3 dSm^{- 1} ) and S₂ = 1.0% NaCI of required water for 100% FC in the soils (Soil salinity obtained, EC = 8.6 dSm^{- 1} ). Effective tillers, non effective tillers, length of panicle, filled grains panicle- 1 unfilled grains panicle- 1 , 1000-grain weight and grain yield hill^{- 1} were recorded. Na+ , K+ and Ca++ ions were measured from harvested leaf samples using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Then the recorded data were analyzed using the MSTAT-C statistical program developed by Russell (1986).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Nuclear Agric. 19 & 20: 57-63,2004 ; ISSN 0258-7130

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the cultivars, BRRI dhan40 and Binasail contained less sodium ions in leaves. Sodium content was the highest in Vatial. Effective tillers, panicle length, filled grains, 1000-grain weight, grain yield per hill and harvest index (HI) were reduced but non-effective tillers and unfilled grains per hill were increased with the increase levels of salinity compared to control. BRRI dhan40 and Binasail showed better performance in terms of yield and yield attributes up to 8.6 dSm^-1' soil salinity. But the yield and yield attributes of the rice variety Vatial, were drastically decreased with the increase of soil salinity. BRRI dhan40 was found tolerant, Binasail was moderately tolerant and Vatial was susceptible to imposed salinity of 4.3 and 8.6 dSm^-1.

Knowledge Management: Journal