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Fungal Diseases of Three Aromatic Rice (oryza Sativa L.)

SHAMIM SHAMSI
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

NAJMUN NAHER
Department of Botany, Life & Earth Science Group, National University, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh.

PRANAMI CHOWDHURY
Department of Botany, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

MST. SELINA MOMTAZ
Department of Botany, Jagannath University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Seeds of three aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.) var. Kalijira, Kataribhog and BR 34 Jira dhan were tested by Blotter method for identifying their seed borne fungi. Fungi associated with seeds were Aspergillus niger, Apergillus sp., Carvularia sp., Cladosporium sp., Colletotrichum sp., Fusarium sp., Pyrenochaeta oryzae and Sarocladium oryzae. Infected samples were collected from the field starting from maximum tillering stage to grain filling stage of plant growth. After maximum tillering stage three fungal diseases were recorded on the stems and sheaths. Sheath rot was recorded on all the three rice varieties, stem rot was recorded on Kalijira and sheath blotch was recorded on Kataribhog. The pathogens of sheath rot, Sarocladium oryzae, sheath blotch, Pyrenochaeta oryzae and stem rot, Sclerotium oryzae were frequently associated with the respective samples. This is the first report of disease on aromatic rice plant for Bangladesh.

Keywords: Fungal diseases, Aromatic rice

Location: Dhaka University

Start Date: 29-03-2009

End Date: 30-12-2009

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To investigate on fungal diseases of three aromatic rice varieties. Kalijira, Kataribhog and BR 34 Jira dhan

Methodology:

Seeds of three aromatic rice varieties namely Kalijira, Kataribhog and BR 34 Jira dhan were collected from Dinajpur district. Healthy seeds were tested by following standard seed health testing methods (Blotter method) for detecting and identifying seedborne fungi. Two hundred seeds were incubated for each variety. Seeds were also sown in experimental field in the Botanic Garden of Dhaka University. Infected samples were collected from the field starting from maximum tillering stage to grain-filling stage of plant growth. After maximum tillering stage three fungal diseases were recorded on stems and sheaths. The samples were collected during 29 March, 2009 to 30 December, 2009. Twenty five samples were examined from healthy and infected stem and sheaths of each variety. In case of grain 200 inocula were incubated for each rice variety. Healthy samples were isolated for control treatment whenever necessary. Isolation of fungi: The fungi were isolated on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium following Tissue planting method (CAB 1968). Thirty inocula, each measuring 2 mm², were cut from a particular specimen and kept in a sterile Petri plate. The inocula were washed with sterile water and then surface sterilized by dipping in 10% Chlorox for 3 minutes. Then the inocula were transferred into a sterile Petri plate containing sterile blotting paper to remove the surface water. The surface sterilized inocula were used for isolation. Three inocula were placed in each plate and incubated for 5 - 7 days at 25 ± 1º C. Fungi growing from the inocula were transferred to separate plates and slants for further studies and storage. Percentage association of the fungi was recorded. Seed inocula were surface sterilized with 10% Chlorox for 5 minutes and isolated following Blotter method. Ten seeds were inoculated per plate. Morphological studies: Detailed morphological studies of the fungal isolates were made. All the specimens included in the present study were preserved in the Herbarium, Mycology and Plant Pathology section, Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Identification of the isolates was determined following standared literatures (Booth 1971, Barnett and Hunter 2000, Ellis 1971, 1976, Sutton 1980).

Source of Information: Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 34, No. 2, 163-170, 2010

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Present research work indicates that three aromatic rice varieties, namely Kalijira, Kataribhog and BR 34 Jira dhan are highly susceptible to sheath rot. Another important finding of this experiment is association of Colletotrichum sp. with aromatic rice varieties which is a new addition in the field of Plant Pathology.

Knowledge Management: Journal