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Performance of Bitter Gourd in Association with Four Years Old Eucalyptus Tree (eucalyptus Camaldulensis) in Agroforestry System

J. Mondal
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.S. Hossian
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Z. Alam
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

G.M.M. Rahman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Kalibari char which is situated along the bank of old Brahmaputra river adjacent to the Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from mid October 2013 to March 2014 with the aim of evaluating the growth performance of winter vegetable (bitter gourd) (Momordica charantia) grown under four years old Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) tree at different distances around the tree base. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Data were collected on morphological characters and yield contributing characters of tree-crops and were analyzed for evaluation to see the treatment effects. The experiment consisted of four treatments viz. T₀ (Open field as control), T₁ (<50 cm distances from the tree base), T₂ (50-100 cm distances from the tree base) and T₃ (> 100 cm distances from the tree base). The result showed that the morphological characters and also yield contributing characters were increased gradually in treatments where distance was more from Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) tree base. The highest values were observed under T₀ (open field as control) treatment and the lowest value was recorded under the close distance T₁ (<50 cm from tree base). Different characteristics of bitter gourd such as vine length, number of primary branches/plant, number of leaves/primary branch, number of leaves/plant, weight/fruit and fresh and dry yield were recorded. As a result, fresh and dry yield of bitter gourd had also higher (3.92 and 0.31 t/ha, respectively) in the treatment T₀ (control) whereas both yield viz. fresh and dry (3.55 and 0.28 t/ha) were statistically similar to that of the treatment T₃ (> 100 cm distance from the tree base). Height and girth of Eucalyptus was also significantly influenced by the interaction with bitter gourd where the highest increment of tree height (56.67 cm) and girth (4.50 cm) was recorded under tree-bitter gourd combination while the lowest increment of tree height (65.70 cm) and girth (4.95 cm) was found in without vegetable condition. Therefore, finally, it is clear that control (T₀) and long distance (T₃) would be optimum distance for higher production of bitter gourd in agroforestry system.

Keywords: Bitter gourd, Eucalyptus, Agroforestry system.

Location: Char Kalibari belongs to the Mymensingh sadar upazila

Start Date: 00-10-2013

End Date: 00-03-2014

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Eucalyptas, Bitter gourd

Objectives:

1. To study the performance of bitter gourd in association with four years old eucalyptus tree (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) in agroforestry system.

Methodology:

Location and time of the study: The experiment was carried out at Char Kalibari belongs to the Mymensingh sadar upazila during the period from October 2013 to March 2014. The district Mymensingh is located between 24°38'3'' North and 90°16'4'' East Latitude. Total area of this district is 4363.48 km² and situated on the west bank of Brahmaputra River. The geographical position of char Kalibari located between 24°45' - 24°45'40'' North and 90°24'4''- 90°24'44'' East Latitude. Tree and plant materials: In this study four years old previously established Eucalyptus (E. camaldulensis) trees were used as tree component and one winter vegetable crop Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) was used as plant material. Design and layout of the experiment: The experiment was laid out following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Four treatments were used in this study. Each plot was 4.5 m width and 2.0 m length at both sides of selected tree species. Different treatments of this study were; T₀= Open field referred to as control, T₁= < 50 cm distance from the tree base, T₂= 50 – 100 cm distance from the tree base, T₃= > 100 cm distance from the tree base. Sampling and data collection Bitter gourd: The parameters selected for data recording were as follows: (i) Vine length (cm), (ii) Number of primary branches/plant, (iii) Number of leaves/primary branches, (iv)Number of fruits/plant, (v)Weight/fruits (kg), (vi) Fresh yield (t/ha), (vii) Dry yield (t/ha). Eucalyptus tree (Eucalyptus camaldulensis): Tree growth was determined taking nine tree selected randomly from all treatments of the research plots. Tree height (cm) and girth (cm) were recorded at before and after vegetables cultivation. Data analysis: The analysis of variance for each of the studied character was done by F (variance ratio) test following Randomized Complete Block Design. The mean differences were evaluated finally by Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at % level of significance.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 8 (2): 103-106, 2014; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Height and girth of Eucalyptus was also significantly influenced by the interaction with bitter gourd where the highest increment of tree height (56.67 cm) and girth (4.50 cm) was recorded under tree-bitter gourd combination while the lowest increment of tree height (65.70 cm) and girth (4.95 cm) was found in without vegetable condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal