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Effect of Six Years Old Xylia Dolabriformis Tree on the Growth and Yield of Soybean and Mustard

J. Kundu
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.S. Hossian
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

S.M. Emon
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

R. Paervin
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

M.A. Wadud
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the farm field of the Department of Agroforestry of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period of November 2013 to April 2014 with the aim of evaluating the growth and yield performance of soybean (Glycine max) and mustard (Brassica campestris) grown in combination with six years old lohakat (Xylia dolabriformis) trees. The experimental design was followed by Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Different distances from tree base viz. 0-0.5 m, 0.5-1.0 m and 1.0-1.5 m were treatments of this study. There was a control treatment i.e., without tree condition or open field. The individual plot size was “6 m x 2 m” and each plot contains two lohakat trees maintain 3 m distance from one another. In this study growth and yield of soybean and mustard was observed as seed production purposes. Growth and yield of soybean and mustard in association with lohakat tree was remarkably decreased with decreasing distance towards the tree base and the variation was very wide near the lohakat tree base compared to open field condition. In case of soybean, morphological characteristics such as plant height, no. of leaves plant^-1, leaf size, no. of flower plant^-1, no. of pod plant^-1, pod length, no. of seed per pod was less vigorous near the lohakat tree base. The highest plant height 40.5, leaf size 19.76 cm², pod length 3.2 cm, no. of pod plant^-1 16.3, seed weight per hundred 8.4 g was in open field condition. Highest yield 1.34 ton per hectare obtained from open condition. Yield of soybean seed produced in 1.0-1.5 m, 0.5-1.0 m and 0-0.5 m distance from lohakat tree base was 12.68%, 25.0% and 39.13% (east) and 13.l%, 26.2% and 40.7% (west) lower compared to open field condition, respectively. In case of mustard, highest plant height 68.4 cm, length of floral rachis 46.5 cm, no. of primary branch plant-1 12.3, no. of siliqua plant^-1 165.3, length of siliqua 4.7 cm and no. of seed per siliqua 28.3, thousand seed weight 4.1 g of mustard were found in open field condition. Lowest data regarding above parameters were recorded in 0-0.5 m distance from tree base. As evident from results the highest seed yield of mustard 2.06 ton per hectare was observed in open field condition i.e., without lohakat tree combination. Yield of mustard seed produced in 1.0-1.5 m, 0.5-1.0 m and 0-0.5 m distance from lohakat tree base was 11.48%, 23.51% and 30.58% (east) and 12.32%, 24.87% and 32.63% (west) lower compared to open field condition, respectively.

Keywords: Mustard, Soybean, Lohakat, Agroforestry

Location: Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2013

End Date: 00-04-2014

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Lohakat, Soybean

Objectives:

1. To observe the morphological behavior and yield performance of soybean and mustard in lohakat tree based agroforestry system.

Methodology:

Study site and location: The experiment was carried out at the experimental field, Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Associated plants: Plant materials of this study were lohakat (Xylia dolabriformis) as tree, soybean (Glycine max) and mustard (Brassica campestris) as herbaceous crops. Tree establishment and management: Lohakat trees planted along the field boundary of the agroforestry farm were used as the test plants in the study. During the study period lohakat trees as planted during the year 2008 were well established and average height and girth of lohakat trees were 7.29 m and 0.32 m, respectively. Before final land preparation tree pruning enhances the plants to get the sunlight directly to grow well. Experimental design, layout and treatment combination: The experiment was laid out following at randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. For both soybean and mustard in each replication two lohakat trees were included in a “6 m × 2 m” size plot. Soybean was planted in 18 rows surrounding the lohakat trees. Mustard seeds were broadcasted surrounding the lohakat trees as shown in the. Total four treatments of this study were as: T₀ = Open field referred to as control, T₁ = up to 0.5 meter distance from the tree base, T₂ = 0.5 to 1.0 meter distance from the tree base and, T₃ = 1.0 to 1.5 meter distance from the tree base Harvesting: Soybean was harvested in 3rd April, 2014 when the crops became fully matured. For the purpose of seed production, mustard was harvested when more than 80% of the pods become straw color. Data collection: data were recorded for morphological parameters and yield attributes to measure yield. Data were collected randomly from all rows of respective plots. The yield of soybean was collected as tha^-1. In case of mustard data were collected at vegetative stage, flowering and harvesting stages Mustard seeds were weighted for yield to tha^-1. Statistical analysis: The recorded data were compiled and analyzed by RCBD design to find out the statistical significance of the experimental results. The means for all recorded data, the analyses of variance for all the characters and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test were performed using statistical package programmed MSTAC-C and WASP 2 software. Mean comparisons were done by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and also by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 8 (2): 117-120, 2014; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Highest yield 1.34 ton per hectare obtained from open condition. Yield of soybean seed produced in 1.0-1.5 m, 0.5-1.0 m and 0-0.5 m distance from lohakat tree base was 12.68%, 25.0% and 39.13% (east) and 13.l%, 26.2% and 40.7% (west) lower compared to open field condition, respectively. In case of mustard, highest plant height 68.4 cm, length of floral rachis 46.5 cm, no. of primary branch plant^-1 12.3, no. of siliqua plant^-1 165.3, length of siliqua 4.7 cm and no. of seed per siliqua 28.3, thousand seed weight 4.1 g of mustard were found in open field condition. Lowest data regarding above parameters were recorded in 0-0.5 m distance from tree base. As evident from results the highest seed yield of mustard 2.06 ton per hectare was observed in open field condition i.e., without lohakat tree combination. Yield of mustard seed produced in 1.0-1.5 m, 0.5-1.0 m and 0-0.5 m distance from lohakat tree base was 11.48%, 23.51% and 30.58% (east) and 12.32%, 24.87% and 32.63% (west) lower compared to open field condition, respectively.

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