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Performance of Sweet Gourd and Bitter Gourd in Char Land Based Agroforestry Farming System

M.A. Taher
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Z. Alam
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

G.M.M Rahman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was conducted at Char Kalibari under Sadar upazilla of Mymensingh during the period from October 2013 to March 2014 to evaluate the performance of sweet gourd (Cucurbita moschata) and bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) in association with 4 years old lambu (Khya sp.)tree at different distances of the tree base. The experiment was consisted of four different treatments viz. T₀ (open field referred as control), T₁ (<50 cm distance from the tree base), T₂ (50-100 cm distance from the tree base) and T₃ (>100 cm distance from the tree base). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Data were collected on morphological and yield contributing characters of vegetables and were analyzed for evaluation of the treatment effects. In this study, different growth parameters viz. vine length, number of primary branches per plant, number of leaves per primary branch, number of fruit per plant, individual fruit weight and yield of sweet gourd and bitter gourd were observed separately in association with lambu trees. The result shows that growth and yield of sweet gourd and bitter gourd was better in the open field condition compare to that of association with lambu tree. Morphological parameters of sweet gourd and bitter gourd such as vine length, no. of primary branches per plant, no. of leaves per primary branch, no. of fruits per plant, weight per fruit (g) etc. were affected significantly by different distances from tree base. Among the different distances highest yield of sweet gourd (19.7 t ha^-1) and bitter gourd was (3.2 t ha^-1) recorded in treatment T₃ i.e., over 100 cm distance from tree base. Therefore, cultivation of sweet gourd and bitter gourd in association with 4 years old lambu tree will be profitable at above 100 cm distance from the tree base.

Keywords: Sweet gourd, Bitter gourd, Lambu (Khya sp.) tree, Char land, Agroforestry system.

Location: Char Kalibari belongs to the Mymensingh sadar upazila

Start Date: 00-11-2013

End Date: 00-03-2014

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Lambu, Sweet gourd, Bitter gourd

Objectives:

1. To observe the growth performance and evaluate the yield and yield characteristics of the sweet gourd and bitter gourd grown under lambu tree at the Char kalibari in the bank of Old Brahmaputra river.

Methodology:

Experimental site: The experiment was carried out at char Kalibari belongs to the Mymensingh sadar upazila during the period from November 2013 to March 2014. The district Mymensingh is located between 24?38'3'' North and 90?16'4'' East Latitude. The experimental site belongs to the agro ecological region of Old Brahmaputra and field was medium high land belonging to Non-calcareous Black Grey Flood Plain Soil type. Planting material: In this study previously established 4 years old lambu (Khya sp.) trees were used as tree components and sweet gourd (Cucurbita moschata) and bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) was used as plant materials. BARI misti kumra-2 as sweet gourd variety and BARI hybrid korola-1 as bitter gourd variety were used and seeds were collected from Vegetable Research Division, of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur. Crop establishment: Sweet gourd seeds were sown on 10th of October and Bitter gourd seeds were sown in the experimental plot on 1st November in separated small seed bed of each plot where each seed bed distance was 0.5 × 0.5 m length and width, respectively. Ten to twelve seeds of sweet gourd and bitter gourd were sown in each seed bed. Design and layout of the experiment: Sweet gourd and bitter gourd were laid out separately following the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with double factorial arrangement of multistoried production system. Four treatments were used in this study and three replications were followed for each treatment for each crop. Each plot was 4.5 m width and 2.0 m length at both sides of selected tree species. Growth measurement of tree species: Ten tree samples were selected randomly from all treatments of the plots for data collection. Sample trees were selected at before and after of vegetables cultivation. Tree height (cm) and tree girth (cm) were recorded. Girth of all trees were measured 8 inch above from the ground. Sampling and Data collection: Five plant samples were collected randomly from all treatments of the plots for data collection. In case of sweet gourd, plant length (cm), no. of primary branches per plant, no. of fruits per plant, single fruit weight (g), yield of sweet gourd (t/ha) were recorded at each harvest time. In case of bitter gourd, vine length, number of primary branches per plant, number of leaves per primary branches, number of fruits per plant, weight per fruits (kg), fresh and Dry weight of fruits (t/ha) was recorded. Statistical analysis: The data on various growth and yield contributing characters of the vegetables was statistically analyzed to examine the significant variation of the results due to different parameters. The analysis of variance for each of the character under study was done by F (variance ratio) test for Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The treatments means were compared by LSD (Least Significance Test) at 5% level of significance.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 8 (2): 143-145, 2014; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The result shows that growth and yield of sweet gourd and bitter gourd was better in the open field condition compare to that of association with lambu tree. Morphological parameters of sweet gourd and bitter gourd such as vine length, no. of primary branches per plant, no. of leaves per primary branch, no. of fruits per plant, weight per fruit (g) etc. were affected significantly by different distances from tree base. Among the different distances highest yield of sweet gourd (19.7 t ha^-1) and bitter gourd was (3.2 t ha^-1) recorded in treatment T₃ i.e., over 100 cm distance from tree base. Therefore, cultivation of sweet gourd and bitter gourd in association with 4 years old lambu tree will be profitable at above 100 cm distance from the tree base.

Knowledge Management: Journal