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Suitability of Some Botanical Pesticides (neem, Garlic and Red Chili) Against Dry Fish Insects (dermestes Sp. Larvae and Necrobia Sp. Adult)

A. A. K. M. Nowsad
Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

R. Mondal
Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. N. Hassan
Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. M. Hossain
Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. R. Islam
Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Acetone extracts of red chili (Capsicum frutescens), garlic (Allium sativum) and neem (Azadirachta indica) were used to evaluate their insecticidal effects against a dry fish beetle, Dermestes sp. larvae and a mite, Necrobia sp. adult. The concentration of plant extracts were 60, 80 and 100% for Dermestes sp. larvae and 10, 15 and 20% for Necrobia sp. adult. The mortality of Necrobia sp. at 24, 48 and 72 hours after treatment (HAT) indicated that red chili extract possessed the highest insecticidal effect followed by neem and garlic. Mortality was found to be directly proportional to the concentration of plant extracts. For Necrobia sp. (adult) LC₅₀values of red chili, neem and garlic were 0.78, 0.85 and 1.68%, respectively at 24 HAT. Red chili was found to possess the highest insecticidal effect among these three with the highest toxic effect at 48 HAT (0.29%) and 72 HAT (0.03%). For the larvae of Dermestes sp., the LC₅₀values of red chili was 0.60%, neem 0.69% and garlic 1.15% at 24 HAT, again indicating that red chili had the highest insecticidal effect on dry fish insects.

Keywords: Neem, Garlic, Red chili, Toxic effects, Dry fish

Location: Postgraduate Laboratory of the Department of Fisheries Technology, BAU, Mymensingh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Commodity: Extract (plant, seed), Insects

Objectives:

To evaluate their insecticidal effects against a dry fish beetle, Dermestes sp. larvae and a mite, Necrobia sp. adult.

Methodology:

The test insects, Necrobia sp. adult and Dermestes sp. larvae were collected from the dry fish markets of Mymensingh town and were maintained in the Postgraduate Laboratory of the Department of Fisheries Technology, BAU. The insects were reared on crushed dry fish in plastic jars. Neem leaves were collected from the surroundings of BAU campus, Mymensingh. Garlic and red chili were purchased from the local market. Neem dryed at 60°C and Both garlic and red chili were dried in oven at 50°C for 2-3 hours to remove moisture. Plant dusts were prepared by pulverizing the dried plant materials with the help of a grinder. Stock solutions of plant extracts were prepared separately by diluting the condensed acetone extracts. Sun dried fish were kept in an oven at 45°C for 2-3 hours, packed in polythene bag and sealed to avoid future infestation. Insect bioassay was conducted in the Microbiology Laboratory of the Department of Fisheries Technology, BAU at 27-30°C to determine direct toxicity against Necrobia sp. adult and Dermestes sp. larvae. Direct toxicity was determined. Three different concentrations of each plant extracts (for Necrobia sp. adult 10%, 15% and 20% and for Dermestes sp. larvae 60%, 80% and 100%) were prepared with respective solvents. The experimental data were statistically analyzed by completely randomized design (factorial CRD) using MSTAT statistical software in a microcomputer. The mean values were compared. lethal concentration 50 (LC₅₀) values were calculated by using probit analysis.

Source of Information: Progress. Agric. 21(1 & 2): 93–103, 2010 ISSN 1017-8139

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/PA/article/view/16756/11789

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

For Necrobia sp. adult LC₅₀ values of red chili (0.78%), neem (0.85%) and garlic (1.68%) at 24 HAT indicated that red chili had the highest toxic effect among these three herbs. Red chili possessed the highest toxic effect at 48 HAT (0.29%) and 72 HAT (0.03%). For larvae of Dermestes sp. the LC₅₀ values of red chili was 0.60%, of neem was 0.69% and of garlic was 1.15% at 24 HAT, again indicating the red chili as the most toxic plant. All the three plant extracts had repellent and toxic effects on dried fish beetle and mite. Red chili extract was found to be the most toxic, while neem to be the most repellent.

Knowledge Management: Journal