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Prevalence of Mycoplasmosis of Chickens at Kotwali Thana in Chittagong, Bangladesh

Haque E
Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh.

Uddin G
Department of Microbiology, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh.

Akter S
Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study of prevalence of mycoplasmosis of chicken at kotwali thana in Chittagong was conducted from 23^rd November, 2010 to 22^nd March, 2011. A total of 455 either dead or sick birds were examined during the period. Diagnosis was based on history, clinical signs, serum plate agglutination (SPA) test and postmortem lesions. The overall prevalence of mycoplasmosis was 15.38%. The prevalence was 73% in broiler and 27% in layer. The result further revealed that highest number of cases were recorded in the age group of 8-21 days (49%) followed by 22-35 days age group (21%), 0-7 days age group (21%), 36-60 days age group (6%) and over 60 days age group (3%). It was also demonstrated that during the study period the highest prevalence of mycoplasmosis was recorded in January (33%) followed by February (30%), March (23%), and December (13%) and lowest in November (1%).

Keywords: Mycoplasmosis; Prevalence; Clinical sign; Serum plate agglutination; Postmortem lesion

Location: Kotwali thana in Chittagong

Start Date: 23-11-2010

End Date: 22-03-2011

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Chicken

Objectives:

To determine the prevalence of mycoplasmosis in chickens at Kotwali Thana in Chittagong.

Methodology:

A pathological investigation on the prevalence of mycoplasmosis was conducted at the Thana Livestock Hospital at Kotwali in Chittagong region from 23^rd November, 2010 to 22^nd March, 2011. Serological test was conducted in the laboratory of Thana Livestock Office at Kotwali in Chittagong. A total of 455 dead or sick birds of different poultry farms of Kotwali Thana at Chittagong region, were used for this study. These birds were brought to the Thana Livestock Office at Kotwali in Chittagong. Diagnosis of disease was made on the basis of history, clinical signs, serological test and postmortem lesions. Diagnosis of mycoplasmosis was made on the basis of clinical signs of infected chickens and postmortem changes in dead chickens. The birds were examined systematically and the postmortem changes were recorded during necropsy. The disease was diagnosed based on clinical signs including nasal discharge, coughing, and rales. Depression, conjunctivitis, swollen eye, eyelid edema and other more general signs were included such as in appetence, depression, weight loss and a drop in egg production. The highest morbidity and mortality occurred in the presence of concurrent infections and environmental stress. In live birds, blood samples (2 mL) were collected from wing vein by using fresh disposable plastic syringe (5 mL) and collected blood was kept at room temperature for about 1 to 2 hours. A clean straw color serum was seen around the clotted clump and after centrifugation (252 g for 10 minutes) the serum was stored at -20°C until used. The SPA test was conducted with crystal violet stained M. gallisepticum commercial antigen (Nobilis® MG) obtained from Intervet Company Ltd. (The Netherlands). Following the manufacturer's instruction, antigen (0.03 mL) and crude or diluted serum (0.03 mL) was placed side by side with pipette in a glass plate and mixed well by stirring with glass rod, followed by rocking. Results were read within 2 minutes [5, 6]. In positive cases granules were formed slowly which could be seen during rocking. In the negative case, no such granules were formed. All SPA results were recorded. Diagnosis was confirmed by post-mortem examination of dead chickens. Lesions comprising catarrhal exudates in the nasal passages, infraorbital sinuses, trachea, and bronchi, Caseous exudates in the air sacs, fibrinous or fibrinopurulent pericarditis, perihepatitis and congestion in lungs were observed. Clinical and postmortem data were categorized according to age, month of study period and types of chicken (layer and broiler). Data were analyzed by normal tabular method with Microsoft office excel 2007.

Source of Information: J Fisheries Livest Prod 3:151.

Article Link (Online Journal): doi:10.4172/2332-2608.1000151

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In this study, it was well mentioning that the prevalence of MG was higher in broiler then layer birds. Age and seasonal variation plays an important role in occurrence of this disease. So more attention should be given at the age and season as mycoplasmosis is the most economically significant disease in poultry industry of Bangladesh which causes serious economic losses in poultry farm, reduce feed efficiency, decrease growth and reduce egg production. The present study is a preliminary work on the mycoplasmosis which was identified only on the basis of history, clinical signs, Serum plate agglutination (SPA) test and postmortem lesions. However, the result of this study will certainly help the future researchers to provide guidance in carrying out further detail study on mycoplasmosis of poultry in Bangladesh.

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