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Mineral Ion Uptake, Some Morphological Features and Yield of Mustard Under Different Salinity Levels

M. T. lslam
Senior Scientific Officer
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

A. K. A. Rahman
M.S. Department of Crop Botany
Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

R. K. Dutta
Duector (Administration and Support Services)
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was carried out at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh, to assess the effects of salinity on mineral ion uptak e, morphological parameters and yield of mustard genotypes viz., Safal, Binasarisha-6 and MM2-6/98 during November 2004 to February 2005. Salinity levels were 0.43 (control), 6 and I 0 dS/m. The results showed that plant height, number of branches , number or leaves, number of siliqua , 1000-seed weight, seed yield, total dry matter/plant and harvest index decreased with the increase in salinity levels while Na⁺ and Ca⁺⁺ contents in leaves increased with the increase in salinity levels. Binasarisha-6 produced the highest seed yield /plant , I000-seed weight and harvest index and maintained higher contents or K ⁺⁺, Ca⁺⁺ and Mg⁺⁺ contents and lower contents of Na⁺in leaves. Safal had the highest number of branches , leaves and total dry matter /plant with medium yield. The genotype MM2- 6/98 showed the lowest yield. Binasarisha-6 produced higher seed yield/plant compared to other genotypes.

Keywords: Salinity, Mustard, Ion uptake, Yield

Location: Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-10-2004

End Date: 00-01-2005

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

The objective of this study was to identify the tolerance level and to find out the mechanism of tolerance.

Methodology:

A pot experiment was conducted with three mustard genotypes viz. Safal, Binasarisha-6 and MM2-6/98 in plastic pots each contained 8 kg of soil at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, during October 2004 to January 2005 . The salinity levels were 0.43 (control), 6 and 10 dS/m . Soil of the experimental pot was collected from the BINA farm. Dry soil was thoroughly mixed with cowdung and fertilizers before pot filling. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications . Cowdung ; urea , TSP, MP, gypsum and borax were applied at the rate of 8.4 , 1.57, 0.50, 0.21 and I 05 g in each pot to maintain the dose of 225, 75, 30, 150, 12 and 1200 k g/ha of urea , TSP, MP, Gypsum , Borax, and cowdung, respectively . Total amount of well rotten cow dung, TSP, MP and urea were added at the final pot preparation. Half of urea was applied at 20 days after sowing (DAS) and the rest was applied at 32 DAS . Mustard seeds were sown in pots on 16 October 2004 . Three plants were kept in each pot. Salinity treatments were imposed at 35 DAS by adding different amount of salts (NaCI 50%, NaSQ₄ 15%, NaHC0₃10%,. CaCh 10%, MgCI₂10%, MgS0₄ 5%)(Burman et al., 2002) . Salinity of soils was measured with Salinity Bridge (model-CAT NO. 5500, SANTA BARBARA, CALIF ., USA) and expressed as Electrical Conductivity (EC). Data on morpho-physiological and yield attributes were recorded at 60 • DAS and at maturity. Na+, K+, Ca++ and Mg++ contents in leaves of the harvested plants were determined by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers. Data were analyzed statistically to find out the levels of significance using the MSTAT-C. package program . Dun can 's New Multiple Range Test ( D M R T) was used to compare the differences of means.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J . Nuclear Agric. 21 & 22: 27-33, 2006; ISSN 0258-7130

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The above results showed that most of the morpho-physiological and yield attributes of mustard genotypes decreased with the increase in salinity levels. Binasarisha-6 indicated its tolerance to salinity and produced the highest seed yield, lower Na+ content and higher K+ , Ca++ and Mg++ contents in leaves. This variety should be tested under saline areas.

Knowledge Management: Journal