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Agricultural Technology Adoption and Land Productivity: Evidence from the Rice& Prawn Gher Farming in Some Selected Areas of Bangladesh

Basanta Kumar Barmon
Assistant Professor
Department of Economics, East West University, Dhaka‐1212, Bangladesh.

Takumi Kondo
Department of Agricultural Economics, Hokkaido University, Japan.

Fumio Osanami
Department of Agricultural Economics, Hokkaido University, Japan.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The rice?prawn gher (RPG) farming is an indigenous agricultural technology solely developed by the farmers since mid?1980s. The cropping pattern has changed from the year?round modern variety (YRMV) paddy farming to RPG farming after the introduction of gher farming. The present study aims to estimate the land productivity of MV paddy production under RPG and YRMV paddy farming in southwest Bangladesh. Ninety RPG farmers and 100 YRMV paddy farmers from two different villages of two different districts were randomly interviewed regarding main inputs used and outputs in MV paddy production. The RPG farming has significant impacts on inputs used in MV boro paddy production. The findings of the study indicate that more chemical fertilisers such as urea (72%), TSP (61%), MP (94%) and gypsum (88%) were needed in per ha MV boro paddy production under YRMV paddy farming in comparison to RPG farming. Similarly, per ha cost of irrigation (61%), pesticides (26%) and land preparation (17%) were also higher in MV boro paddy production under YRMV paddy farming compared to RPG farming. The inputs usage for MV boro paddy production under two farming showed statistically significant difference with each others. Although fewer inputs were being used in MV boro paddy production under RPG farming, per ha yield was statistically higher than YRMV paddy farming. All the values of the t?statistics support the hypothesis of the study. Therefore, it could be concluded that land productivity of MV paddy production under RPG farming is significantly higher than that of MV boro paddy production under YRMV paddy farming in Bangladesh. In other words, inputs can be used more efficiently in MV boro paddy production under RPG farming than in MV boro and aman paddy production under the YRMV paddy production. The total factor productivity (TFP) for MV boro paddy production was higher in RPG farming compared to YRMV paddy farming. Moreover, the TFP varied widely within the farms between the two farming.

Keywords: Farming system, Gher, Prawn, Rice, Bangladesh

Location: Jessore and Khulna District

Start Date: 00-11-2007

End Date:

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Rice, Prawn

Objectives:

1. To analyses the input used in MV boro paddy production under RPG and YRMV paddy farming

2. To estimates TFP for MV paddy production between two farming in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

To assess the impacts of the technologically advanced RPG farming on land productivity for modern varieties (MV) of paddy, two contrasting villages? RPG farming for Bilpabla in Khulna District and YRMV paddy farming for Chanchra Village in Jessore District were selected. The Bilpabla Village was selected purposely because the people have vast experience of RPG farming like other parts of Khulna District, and they directly or indirectly depend on their daily livelihood on various gher?farming activities. On the other hand, Chanchra Village located in Jessore District was also purposely selected because the farmers cultivate MV paddy throughout the year. Moreover, Jessore is neighbour of Khulna District. Ninety RPG farmers and 100 YRMV paddy farmers were randomly selected. The farm survey was carried out during November 2007 based on the agricultural cropping year 2007. Variable Measurement Farm land Farmland is the main input for any agricultural crop production. The farmland input was measured in terms of hectare. As usual, about 60 per cent land of total gher farming is used for MV paddy production under RPG farming. Human labour includes both male and female labour used in MV paddy production in a crop calendar year. Two types of human labour are used in MV paddy production? hired and family labour. The labour input was calculated in terms of work hours of male and female labour employed for different farm operations. In this study, labour was measured in terms of adult man?days of eight hours. To calculate TFP, it requires the means of wide range of inputs and output quantities adding together into measures of total inputs and outputs. The index number theory is used to overcome these problems. The present study used cross?sectional farm survey data both MV paddy production under RPG and YRMV paddy farming. Baseline or base year is needed to calculate TFP. As the present study used cross?sectional farm data to calculate TFP of MV paddy production between two farming, the arithmetic mean of boro paddy production under RPG farming was used as baseline.

Source of Information: Asia&Pacific Journal of Rural Development, Vol. XIX, No.2, December 2009

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

RPG farming system is an indigenous agricultural technology solely developed by the farmers since mid?1980s. The cropping pattern has changed from YRMV paddy farming to RPG farming after the introduction of gher farming. The RPG farming has significant impact on soil quality on MV paddy production than YRMV farming. The RPG farming has significant impacts on land productivity for MV paddy production than YRMV paddy farming. The findings of the study indicate that more chemical fertilisers such as urea (72%), TSP (61%) MP (94%) and gypsum (88%) used in per ha MV boro paddy production under YRMV paddy farming compared with RPG farming. Similarly, per ha irrigation (61%), pesticides (26%) and land preparation (17%) cost were also higher in MV boro paddy production under YRMV paddy farming compared with RPG farming. Along with main inputs, more hired male labours were also engaged in per ha MV boro paddy production under YRMV paddy farming compared with RPG farming. The total factor productivity for paddy production was higher in RPG farming compared with YRMV paddy farming. The TFP varied widely within the farms between the two farming. Therefore, it could be concluded that RPG farming has increased the land productivity for MV paddy production and reduced input usage as well as costs for per ha MV boro paddy production compared with YRMV paddy production in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal