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Effect of Rate and Time of Sulphur Application on Sugarcane

S.C.Saha
North Regional Station, Sugarcane Research & Training Institute, Madargonj, Thakurgaon, Bangladesh.

M.M.Uddin
North Regional Station, Sugarcane Research & Training Institute, Madargonj, Thakurgaon, Bangladesh.

S.R.Ghosh
North Regional Station, Sugarcane Research & Training Institute, Madargonj, Thakurgaon, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Field experiments were conducted on Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain sandy loam soil (Haplaquept) at the farm of North Regional Station (NRS), Thakurgaon to find out the effect of rate, and time of sulphur application on growth, yield and sucrose content of sugarcane. Sugarcane tillering progressively increased with time at different sulphur levels, and attained the highest in May, thereafter gradual reduction occurred due to tiller mortality. The crop responded significantly to sulphur application, and percentage increase in cane yield in sulphur treated plots over control ranged from 7.9 to 12.5, which was more appreciable up to 40 kg S ha^-1.Different time of sulphur application also significantly increased cane yield. Three splits application of 40 kg S ha' recorded maximum yield, and produced 3.0 and 6.0% yield increase over two splits, and single application of 40 kg S ha' respectively. The economic dose calculated from quadratic equation was 25.0 kg S ha^-1and it recorded a net return of Tk 17.40 per taka investment on sulphur.

Keywords: Effect,Rate and time, Sulphur,Sugarcane

Location: At the farm of North Regional Station (NRS), Thakurgaon of Sugarcane Research & Training Institute

Start Date: 00-00-1989

End Date: 00-00-1992

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

To find out the effect of rate, and time of sulphur application on growth, yield, and sucrose content of sugarcane on coarse textured soils of Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain.

Methodology:

Field experiments were conducted on Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain soil (Haplaquept) during three cropping seasons 1989-90, 1990-91, and 1991-92 at the farm of North Regional Station (NRS), Thakurgaon of Sugarcane Research & Training Institute. The experiments were laid out in split-plot design of plot size 54m2 with four replications. Four levels of sulphur, such as 0,20,40, and 60 kg ha' applied through gypsum were used as treatments in the main plots. Each main plot was divided into three sub-plots in which sub-treat~ents, like entire dose of sulphur at time of transplanting (T₁), half of sulphur at time of transplanting + half of sulphur 150 dafter transplanting (T₂), and one-third of sulphur at time of transplanting + one-third of sulphur 90 d after transplanting + one-third of sulphur 150 d after transplanting (T₃) were superimposed over sulphur levels. A uniform dose of 170 kg N ha' as urea, 125 kg P20S ha' as triple super phosphate, and 222 kg K20 ha' as muriate of potash was applied in all treatments. Whole amount of phosphorus, one-third each of nitrogen and potassium was applied at time of transplanting, one-third each of nitrogen and potassium was applied 90 d after transplanting, and remaining one-third each of nitrogen and potassium was applied 150 d after transplanting. Forty five days old polybag settlings of sugarcane (Saccharum sp. hybrids) cultivar- Isd 16 were transplanted in middle of November during all three cropping seasons. All intercultural practices were performed as and when necessary. Tillers were recorded for each treatment from April to August of every cropping season. The crop was harvested in middle of January in each cropping season. Millable cane, recoverable sucrose percentage, and yield of sugarcane were recorded at time of harvest. Recoverable sucrose percentage was determined according to Homes Dry Lead Method (Meade and Chen, 1977). Soil samples (0-20cm) were collected before start of experiment in every cropping season. The samples were air-dried, ground with a wooden pestle and mortar, and passed through 2 mm sieve. Soil pH was determined in 1: 2.5 (soil : distilled water) suspension by pH meter (Jackson, 1973); organic carbon by chromic acid wet oxidation method of Walkley and Black (Jackson, 1973); mechanical analysis by the International Pipette Method (Piper, 1966); total nitrogen by modified Kjeldahl method (Jackson, 1973); available phosphorus was determined after extraction with 0.5M NaHC03 at pH 8.5 following chlorostannous reduced molybdophosphoric blue colour method (Jackson, 1973); exchangeable potassium was estimated flame photometrically in NH40Ac extract (Jackson, 1973) and available SUlphur was determined after extraction with NaOAc by developing turbidity using BaCI2 and gum acacia (Chesnin and Yien,1950). Data on tillering, and yield parameters of sugarcane from experiments in each cropping season were subjected to pooled analysis, and the significance of mean difference was adjusted as per CD (Gomez and Gomez, 1984). Quadratic yield response equation indicating cane yield as a function of applied sulphur was computed, and the response function was compared for efficiency by estimating the coefficient of determination as :R2=sum of squares due to regression/treatment sum of squares. From the quadratic relationship, maximized response dose and economic response dose was worked out as follows: Maximized response dose (kg S ha') =-b/2c, and economic response dose (kg S ha' I= (b-R)/-2c, where band c are the estimates of the regression coefficients, and R denotes the ratio of cost per unit nutrient to price per unit of produce, i.e. ratio of cost per kg S to price per quintal of sugarcane.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sugarcane, 16 : 60-67 July, 1994

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It could be concluded that sugarcane grown on coarse textured Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain soils low in sulphur availability required to be fertilized with three splits application (one-third at transplanting, one-third 90 d after planting, and the remaining one-third 150 d after planting) of 25 kg S ha^-1 along with recommended doses of N,P, and K for these soils.

Knowledge Management: Journal