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Response of Transplanted Sugarcane to Nitrogen Under Different Interplant Spacing

S.C.Saha
North Regional Station, Sugarcane Research & Training Institute, Madarganj, Thakurgaon, Bangladesh.

S.R.Ghosh
North Regional Station, Sugarcane Research & Training Institute, Madarganj, Thakurgaon, Bangladesh.

M.M.Uddin
North Regional Station, Sugarcane Research & Training Institute, Madarganj, Thakurgaon, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was carried out on Old Himalayan Piedmont Plain region of non-calcareous brown flood plain soils (Haplaquept) at two sites, such as Kanta farm of Shetabganj Sugar Mills, Dinajpur, and at the farm of North Regional Station (NRS), Thakurgaon to find out the optimum dose of nitrogen under different inter-plant spacing for transplanted sugarcane. Sugarcane tiliering progressively increased under different nitrogen levels, and spacings, and attained the highest in May, thereafter gradual reduction occurred due to tiller mortality. The crop responded significantly to nitrogen application at both the locations, and percentage increase in cane yield in nitrogen treated plots over control ranged from 52.5 to 80.0 at Kanta, and 49.2 to 75.3 at NRS, which was more appreciable up to 200 kg N ha'. Different inter-plant spacing had also significant effect on the yield of sugarcane. Maximum cane yield was produced by the application of 200 kg N ha at 45 cm spacing, and produced 3.4 and 6.9% yield increase over 60 ern, and 75 cm spacing respectively at both the locations. The economic dose calculated from the quadratic equation was 125.0 kg N ha", and it recorded a net return of Tk 17.40 per taka investment on nitrogen.

Keywords: Response,Transplanted sugarcane,Nitrogen,Interplant spacing

Location: At the farm of North Regional Station (NRS), Thakurgaon of Sugarcane Research & Training Institute

Start Date: 00-00-1990

End Date: 00-00-1992

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

To find out the optimum dose of nitrogen under different inter-plant spacing for transplanted sugarcane.

Methodology:

A field experiment was carried out on old Himalayan piedmont plain region of non-calcareous brown flood plain soils (Haplaquept) at two sites, such as Kanta farm of Shetabganj Sugar Mills, Dinajpur and at the farm of North Regional Station (NRS), Thakurgaon of Sugarcane Research & Training Institute during 1990-91 and 1991-92 cropping seasons. The experiment was laid in split-plot design of plot size 54 m² with four replications. Three different inter-plant spacing, such as 45,60 and 75 cm were used as treatments in the main plots. Each main plot was divided into six sub-plots in which sub treatments, like 0, 120, 160,200,240 and 280 kg N ha' applied through urea were superimposed over different spacing. Recommended doses of P, K and S were applied equally to all the treatments. The doses in kg ha^-1 were: 125 P₂0₅ as triple super phosphate, 222 K₂0 as muriate of potash, and 33 S as gypsum. Whole amount of phosphorus, and sulphur, one third each of nitrogen and potassium was applied at the time of transplanting, one third each of nitrogen and potassium was applied 90 d after transplanting, and the remaining one third each of nitrogen and potassium was applied 150 d after transplanting. Forty five days old polybag settlings of sugarcane variety Isd 16 were transplanted in middle of November at both the sites. All intercultural practices were performed as and when necessary. Tillers were recorded for each treatment from April to August at an interval of 30 d, and twelve months old crop was harvested in middle of January at both the sites. Millable cane, recoverable sucrose percentage, and yield of sugarcane were recorded at harvest. Recoverable sucrose percentage was determined according to Horne's Dry Lead method (Meade and Chen, 1977). Soil samples (0-20 ern) were drawn before start of the experiment at both the sites. The samples were air-dried, ground with a wooden pestle and mortar, and passed through 2 mm sieve. Soil pH was determined in 1: 2.5 soil: distilled water suspension by pH meter (Jackson, 1973); organic carbon by chromic acid wet oxidation method of Walkley and Black (Jackson, 1973); mechanical analysis by the international pipette method (Piper, 1966); total nitrogen by modified Kjeldahl method (Jackson, 1973); available phosphorus (extraction with 0.5M NaHC0₃at pH 8.5) by the method of Olsen et al. (1954); exchangeable potassium by using neutral normal ammonium acetate (Muhr et al., 1965); and available sulphur by extraction with sodium acetate by developing turbidity using BaCI₂_, and gum acacia (Chesnin and Yien, 1950). Characteristics of initial soils are given in the . Statistical analysis of data on tillering, and yield parameters of sugarcane from experiments of both the locations were carried out according to the procedure described by Gomez and Gomez (1984). Quadratic yield response equation (with pooled yield of Kanta, and NRS) indicating cane yield as a function of applied nitrogen was computed, and the response function was computed for efficiency by estimating the coefficient of determination as : R2 = sum of squares due to regression/treatment sum of squares. From the quadratic relationship, maximized response dose, and economic response dose was worked out as follows: Maximized response dose (kg N ha^-1 ) = -b/2c, and economic response dose (kg N ha^-1 ) = (b-R)/-2c, where band are the estimates of the regression coefficients, and R denotes the ratio of cost per unit nutrient to price per unit of produce, i.e. ratio of cost per kg N to price per quintal of sugarcane.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sugarcane, 16 : 74-82 July, 1994

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It could be concluded that sugarcane should be transplanted using closer plant spacing (45 cm) on coarse textured old Himalayan piedmont plain region of non-calcareous brown flood plain soils low in nitrogen content, and required to be fertilized with 125 kg N ha^-1along with recommended doses of P, K, and S for these soils.

Knowledge Management: Journal