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Constituents of Peel and Leaf Essential Oils of Citrus Medica L

M. N. I. Bhuiyan
BCSIR Laboratories, Chittagong, P.O. Chittagong Cantonment, Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh

J. Begum
BCSIR Laboratories, Chittagong, P.O. Chittagong Cantonment, Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh

P. K. Sarda
Citrus Research Station, BARI, Jaintapur, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

M. S. Rahman
Citrus Research Station, BARI, Jaintapur, Sylhet, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The chemical constituents of leaf and peel essential oil of Citrus medica L. were analysed by gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Nineteen components accounting for 99.9% of the oil were identified in leaf oil. The major constituents are erucylamide (28.43%), limonene (18.36%) and citral (12.95%). The peel oil contains forty three components accounting for 99.8% of the total oil and the major components are isolimonene (39.37%), citral (23.12%) and limonene (21.78%).

Keywords: Citrus medica; Essential oils; GC-MS; Erucylamide; Isolimonene.

Location: BCSIR Laboratories, Chittagong, P.O. Chittagong Cantonment, Chittagong-4220, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-09-2008

End Date:

Program Area: Resource Development and Management

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

The present study represents the first approach for the characterization of the chemical composition of citron peel and leaf essential oils from Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Plant materials: The leaves and peels of Citrus medica were collected from the experimental field of Citrus Research Station, BARI, Jaintapur, Sylhet, Bangladesh, during September 2008. One-voucher specimen (N-8) was deposited in the Herbarium of BCSIR Laboratory, Chittagong. Essential oil isolation: Leaves and the peels of the fresh fruits of Citrus medica were harvested from healthy, well-grown plants. Freshly harvested leaves (400 g) and peels (300 g) were chopped in a blender seperately. The fresh leaves and chopped peels were subjected to hydrodistillation using a modified clevenger-type glass apparatus for 4 h for isolation of oils separately. The oil samples were stored at 0°C in air-tight containers after drying them over anhydrous sodium sulfate and filtered before going to GC-MS analysis. Essential oil analysis: The leaves and peels essential oils of Citrus medica were analyzed by electron impact ionization (EI) method on GC-17A gas chromatograph (Shimadzu) coupled to a GC-MS QP 5050A mass spectrometer (Shimadzu); fused silicacapillary column (30m x 0.25mm,i.d.; 0.25 μm film thickness), coated with DB-5 ms (J and W); column temperature 40^oC (2 min) to 170^oC at the rate of 3^oC/min; carrier gas, helium at constant pressure of 90 kPa. Acquisition parameters full scan; scan range 40-350 amu. Samples were injected by splitting and the split ratio 1:20. Identification of the compounds: Compounds identification were done by comparing the NIST library data of the peaks with those reported in literature, mass spectra of the peaks with literature data. Percentage composition was computed from GC peak areas on DB-5 ms column without applying correction factors.

Source of Information: J. Sci. Res. 1 (2), 387-392 (2009)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results showed that the leaves and peels oils were a complex mixture of numerous compounds; many of which were present in trace amounts. It is worth mentioning here that there is a great variation in the chemical composition of the leaf and peel essential oil of C. medica. Erucylamide and isolimonene are the most important and main components in leaf and peel oil of Bangladesh but it is totally absent in all other reported oils. So, we can conclude that erucylamide and isolimonene are the first reported component in C. medica leaf and peel oils.

Knowledge Management: Journal