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Production of Oyster Mushrooms in Different Seasonal Conditions of Bangladesh

M. N. Uddin
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka 1340, Bangladesh

S. Yesmin
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka 1340, Bangladesh

M. A. Khan
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka 1340, Bangladesh

M. Tania
Department of Biochemistry, School of Biological Science and Technology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China

M. Moonmoon
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka 1340, Bangladesh

S. Ahmed
National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka 1340, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus spp.) are widely cultivated all over the world. Its production is remarkably affected by the environmental conditions like temperature and relative humidity. In this study, we investigated the production of four species of oyster mushroom: Pleurotus ostreatus, P. florida, P. sajor-caju and P. high king cultivated in every season (January to December) in Bangladesh. The temperature (in 0^C) and relative humidity (% RH) of culture house in each month, and parameters of mushroom production were recorded. In all of the selected species of this study, the minimum days required for primordial initiation, and the maximum number of fruiting bodies, biological yield and biological efficiency were found during December to February (14-27⁰C, 70-80% RH). The production was found minimum during the cultivated time August to October. We suggest cultivation of selected Pleurotus spp. in winter (temperature zone 14-27⁰C with relative humidity 70-80%) for better production and biological efficiency.

Keywords: Pleurotus mushroom; Different seasonal conditions; Growth and yield; Biological efficiency.

Location: National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Savar, Dhaka 1340, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-01-2009

End Date: 00-12-2009

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mushroom

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to identify the specific season or cultivation time for the four specific species of oyster mushroom.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the National Mushroom Development and Extension Centre, Sobhanbag, Savar, Dhaka during January to December, 2009. Four selected species of oyster mushroom such as, Pleurotus ostreatus, P. florida, P. sajor-caju and P. high king were cultivated in the culture house of the centre. Spawn packet preparation and inoculation of mother culture: The substrate of oyster mushroom was prepared by using sawdust and wheat bran at the ratio of 2:1. Calcium carbonate was added at 0.2% of the substrate mixture and the moisture was adjusted at 65% by adding water. The mixture was filled into heat tolerant polythene bags (500 g/ packet) of 7" × 10" size and their mouth were plugged by inserting water absorbing cotton and covered with brown paper and tied with a placing rubber band. Then bags were autoclaved at 121⁰C and 15 PSI for 1 hour and then allowed to cool. Spawn packets were inoculated separately with the mother culture of selected species of oyster mushroom at the rate of two teaspoonfuls per packet. Packets were then incubated for mycelium running and mushroom cultivation in the incubation room at 25⁰C. Experimental conditions: After 30 days of inoculation, when mycelium running was completed, the spawn packets were transferred to culture house and opened by D-shaped (1" × 2") cut on the shoulder of the spawn packets. Harvesting: Mushroom was harvested before the fruiting body showed any splitting on the edges. The yield of mushrooms and their different quality parameters: days required to first primordial initiation (DPI), number of effective fruiting bodies (NFB) and biological yield were recorded regularly. Biological efficiency (BE) was determined by the following formula:
BE= (wt. of fresh mushroom fruiting bodies) × 100/ wt. of dry substrate

Source of Information: J. Sci. Res. 3 (1), 161-167 (2011)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on the result of current study, it could be concluded that the environmental conditions of Bangladesh during winter months (December to February) are more suitable while August to October are unfavorable for the cultivation of oyster mushroom. We suggest cultivation of Pleurotus spp. in the temperature zone 14-27⁰C with relative humidity 70-80%. If country’s environmental condition is not suitable to provide this temperature and relative humidity, mushroom should be cultivated in controlled condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal