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Shrimp Culture Practices at Farmers’ Level in Bagerhat District

K. J. Chandra
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

A. R. Chowdhury
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

D. R. Das
Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted on culture practices of shrimp at farmers’ level in Bagerhat District. Investigation was based on a sample of 123 shrimp farmers from the seven Thana (Fakirhat, Mollahat, Sadar, Rampal, Mongla, Chitalmari and Kachua) of the District, 73.17% farmers produced shrimp with white fishes. Farmers (54.47%) started to culture during 2000-2004 in this area. The culture period was typically four months for bagda and six to seven months for golda. Hatchery PL are stocked mainly in May to June for prawn and from late March for bagda. The average stocking density of shrimp PL golda and bagda was 24.16 and 12.16 thousand/ha in the farms. Varieties of feeds such as cooked rice, fishmeal, oilcake and snail muscle were used for shrimp culture. Mainly virus disease was responsible for the great loss of shrimp in this area. About 46.34% of the surveyed farms faced a huge damage due to WSBV. The average bagda and golda production was 350.37 kg and 428.08 kg/ha/year. Long term sustainability of shrimp farming facing problems due to lack of money, poor supply of good quality PL, lack of technical knowledge, higher production costs and poor institutional support. It might be however, necessary to establish shrimp hatcheries and provide training facilities, extension service, institutional and policy support to the farmers with the help of DoF and NGOs.

Keywords: Shrimp, Bagda, Gher, Virus diseases, Production

Location: Fakirhat, Mollahat, Chitalmari, Sadar, Kachua, Rampal and Mongla in Bagerhat district.

Start Date: 00-01-2007

End Date: 00-03-2007

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Commodity: Shrimp

Objectives:

To investigate the present status of shrimp culture and
To understand the different characteristics of shrimp culture practices in Bagerhat district.

Methodology:

The study was carried out in seven Thanas namely, Fakirhat, Mollahat, Chitalmari, Sadar, Kachua, Rampal and Mongla in Bagerhat district. The ghers (farms) were selected randomly from each Thana. The survey was conducted over three months (January to March 2007) in the study areas where the study was mainly concentrated on the category of shrimp farming, types, culture techniques and physical condition of the farms such as dike condition and ownership patterns, depth of water and problems during culture time. Data related to pre-stocking management including presence or absence of drying, liming and fertilization were collected. Information on stocking including place PL collection, stocking density of PL, feeding, liming, manuring, water quality and presence or absence of aquatic weeds during culture period were collected. A questionnaire was prepared for collection of relevant information in accordance with the objectives. Both open and closed form of questions was used to collect information. Simple and direct questions were included in the questionnaire to ascertain the opinion of the shrimp farmers. Data were collected by questionnaire interviewing of 123 shrimp farmers in the seven selected Thana. Farmers were selected for questionnaire interview through random sampling and Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools like Large Group Discussion (LGD), Focus Group Discussion (FGD) and Cross-Check interviews with Key Information (KI). Besides primary information study, secondary data were collected from different sources, such as books and journals, Export promotion Bureau (EPB), Department of Fisheries (DoF), Statistical year book of Bangladesh (2001), relevant thesis, reports, official records, newspapers and library etc. Collected information obtained from the survey was accumulated, grouped and interpreted according to the objectives as well as parameters. Some data have contained numeric and narrative facts. The collected data were then edited, summarized and tabulated and analyzed by Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS).

Source of Information: Progress. Agric. 21(1 & 2): 173–185, 2010 ISSN 1017-8139

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.banglajol.info/bd/index.php/PA/article/view/16766/11797

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Farmers should have knowledge on different aspects of shrimp culture practices such as, gher preparation, PL collection and stocking, water quality monitoring, fertilization, feed, disease and its control measures, harvesting, marketing etc. for higher production. In general, the production rate of shrimp is very low compared to other countries. However, production can be raised up to 2 to 3 folds by improving culture systems and management practices. Authorities should concern about import of virus infected stocks, disease monitoring, taxation etc. which are important for successful improvement of the traditional gher farming system to achieve sustainable development of the rural shrimp farmers.

Knowledge Management: Journal