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Studies on Fruiting, Bearing Habit and Fruit Growth of Jackfruit Germplasm

M. A. ULLAH
Senior Scientific Officer
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Akbarpur, Moulvibazar,

M.A. HAQUE
Professor
Department of Horticulture, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Studies on fruiting, bearing habit and fruit growth of jackfruit was carried out at orchard of Jackfruit Research Project, Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during the period from November 2000 to October 2001. Ten jackfruit germplasm of 13 years of age were selected for this study. Fruit bearing habit of jackfruit was cauliflorous i.e., fruits are borne on trunk and branches. The germplasm under study bore fruits on trunk, primary, secondary, tertiary, fourth, fifth and sixth branches of jackfruit trees. On an average, the maximum fruits were borne on primary branches (33.0%) followed by those on trunk (31.5%), secondary (12.3%), and fourth branch (8.4%), while it was the lowest on sixth branch (2.0%). The growth pattern of fruit of jackfruit is characterized by single sigmoid curve. This is true when all aspects of measurements viz, length, diameter, circumference, weight, and volume of fruits; length, breadth, weight of bulb as well as seed were plotted against time from fruit set to haiwesting maturity.

Keywords: Bearing habit, Fruit growth, Jackfruit germplasm.

Location: Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2000

End Date: 00-10-2002

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Jackfruit

Objectives:

To study on fruiting, bearing habit and fruit growth.

Methodology:

The study was conducted at the orchard of Jackfruit Research Project, Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from November 2000 to October 2002. Ten jackfruit germplasm viz., J-07, J-l0, J-14, J-19/1, J19/2, J-20, J-22, J-31/l, J-31/2, and J-65 were selected from the orchard for the study. The plants were healthy, about 13 years of age and received similar cultural treatments. The soil of orchard was silty loam under old Brahmaputra flood plain, fertile, well drained and slightly acidic having pH value of about 6.1. Withering of all stigmas of female spike is the indication of fruit set. Total number of female spikes of a germplasm was counted. The total number of fruits were also counted just after set by visiting the orchard regularly during the fruit setting period. Percent set fruit was calculated as: Total number of fruit set = ( Percent fruit set / Total number fo female spikes) x 100. Total number of mature fruits of each germplasm was counted and number of fruits on each sections (trunk, primary, secondary, tertiary, fourth, fifth, and sixth branch) were also recorded separately. Percent fruit borne on different section was calculated as follows: Percent fruit borne on a particular section = (Total number of fruits on the section / Total number of fruits on the germplasm) X 100. The ellipsoid shaped fruits were included in this study, which was also of three types: soft, hard, and intermediate. Weight of fruit and its length, diameter and circumference were recorded at 15 days intervals upto harvesting to determine the growth of fruit, Thus in all 8 samples, representing 8 stages of fruit development from fruit set to maturity were taken from each germplasm to study the changes in morphological dimensions, weight and volume at each stage. Fruits used in the growth study were collected from germplasm J-07, J-l0, and J-14 from fruit set. Length of fruit was measured from base to the apex, breadth, and circumference at the widest part. All measurements were made in centimeters with vernier calliper and measuring tape. All the fruits employed for morphological measurements were also utilized for recording the weight and volume. Fruit volume was measured by water displacement method. Similar observation in respect of length, breadth, and weight were taken for bulb and seed in a similar way 15 days after fruit set to onwards by cutting the fruits.

Source of Information: ISSN 0258-7122, Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(3) : 391-397, September 2008

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present investigation has shown that growth of fruit of jackfruit is characterized by simple sigmoid curve. This is true when all parameters of measurements viz., length, diameter, circumference, weight, and volume of fruit; length, breadth, weight of bulb as well as seed were plotted against time from fruit set to harvesting matuty. Tessy et al. also obtained a similar pattern of growth in jackfruit. A similar growth curve has also been reported for mango. The mango is botanically a simple fruit but showed same pattern of growth like jackfruit which is a multiple fruit.

Knowledge Management: Journal