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Study of Crossability and F1 of Interspecific Hybridization Between Brassica Rap (b. Campestris) and B. Nigra

M. A. MALEK
Plant Breeding Division, BINA P. O. Box 4, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Interspecific hybridization between yellow seeded variety, Binasarisha-6 of B. rapa var. Yellow Sarson (2n⁼20; AA) and Nigra-1 of B. nigra (2n⁼16; BB) were made. The crosses with Binasarisha-6 of B. rapa var. Yellow Sarson as a female parent were only successful. Chromosome number in root tip cells of the F₁ hybrids was 18, which was half of the sum total of the somatic chromosome number of the parents and indicated hybrid nature. Hybrids exhibited intermediate morphology between the parents. All the hybrids showed complete pollen sterility with shrivelled, pointed tip, and pale colour anthers and reduced filaments and failed to set siliquae and seeds.

Keywords: Interspecific hybridization, Brassica rapa, B. nigra, Interspecific hybrid

Location: BINA experimental farm, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-00-2002

End Date: 00-00-2004

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To study the interspecific crossability between Brassica rapa var. Yellow Sarson and B. nigra and study of F₁ hybrids through morphological and cytological studies.

Methodology:

Binasarisha-6 of B. rapa and Nigra-1 of B. nigra were selected for the interspecific hybridization programme. Pot experiments were conducted during 2002-03 and 2003-04 cropping seasons at BINA experimental farm, Mymensingh. To get synchrony in flowering in Nigra-1 with Binasarisha-6, the Nigra-1 plants were exposed to 16 hours photoperiod for 15 days. Flower buds of the female parents supposed to open in the next morning were selected for emasculation. The emasculated buds were immediately pollinated with freshly collected pollens from the male parent and then bagged with thin brown paper bags. The siliquae bearing hybrid seeds were collected after proper maturation. To confirm the hybridity of the collected F₁ seeds, young root tips of the germinating seeds were used for mitotic chromosome counts. The young root tips were at first fixed in acetic alcohol (1:3) after pretreatment in saturated aqueous mono-bromonaphthalene solution for two and a half hours. The root tips were then heated in 10% HCI at 60°C for 12 minutes, and were stained with 1% acetocarmine on a slide. The individual chromosome was counted with microscope under oil emmersion. For pollen fertility study, anthers from F₁ flowers were taken directly in a drop of 1% acetocarmine on a slide, pressed gently, mounted with a cover slip and then examined under microscope. Pollen grains those were shrunken and not stained were classified as sterile. The ratio of stained pollens to the total was expressed as percentage of pollen fertility. Photographs were taken from semi-permanent slides.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 32(3) : 445-449, September 2007, ISSN 0258 - 7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

All the hybrids showed complete pollen sterility with shrivelled, pointed tip, and pale colour anthers and reduced filaments and failed to set siliquae and seeds. From the present investigation, polyploidization of such hybrids can lead to the production of synthetic B. juncea.

Knowledge Management: Journal