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Study of Surface Drainage Effects on Soil Moisture Distribution and Growth and Yield of Summer Grown Groundnut Using Nuclear Technique

A. A. Hassan
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh.

M. A. Hamid
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Investigations were conducted to study the effect of surface drainage on moisture distribution in soil and growth and yield of groundnut grown during the summer se.son. Groundnut (variety Dhaka-I) was grown in a sandy loam soil ( old Brahmaputra Flood Plain) of the experimental farm of BINA, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The.. soil moisture distribution was monitored by using neutron moisture meter and tensiometers under different field drainage conditions. Raised combination drainage system improved internal drainage as evident from water content and hydraulic head prefiles. An increase in yield of 31. 5 percent- was obtained where crop bed was raised 15 em height ( i. e. 15 em ridge) compared to natural flat bed. improved drainage practice showed favorable response on yield attributing characters like plant height, matured pod "umber, seed weight, etc. Land having no drainage facilities reduced pod formation and resulted in poor quality of seed. The results demonstrated that ground nut yield and pod quality can be improved in medium or highland having surface drainage facilities.

Keywords: Surface drainage effects,Soil moisture,Growth and yield, Groundnut, Nuclear technique

Location: Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-00-1982

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Ground nut

Objectives:

To find out the effect of drainage on soil moisture status and its subsequent effect on yield and yield attributing characters of ground nut.

Methodology:

The study was conducted on a sandy loam soil in Mymensingh. The land. was fallow for last three years. There was no restricting layer down to 180 cm depth at the commencement of the experiment. . Climatological data of the studied area for 1982 during groundnut growing season. Generally rainfall exceeds that of, pan evaporation excepts from January - March and November - December i. e. the winter months. For ground nut cultivation the rest of the year needs drainage facilities as indicated by arrow . A triplicated experiment with randomized block design was laid out with four surface drainage treatments viz ( i ) flat bed i. e. as natural condition, (ii) 15 cm deep drains 'between rows, (iii) 15 cm raised bed and ( iv ') 15 cm deep drain with 15 cm raised bed. Groundnut (Dhaka - 1) was sown in rows 10 cm apart. Fertilizers added included 20 kg/ha N as urea, 60 kg/ha P₂0₅ as super-phosphate and 45 kg/ha K₂O as muriate of potash. Alluminium access tubes were installed in different plots to monitor soil moisture distribution. Tensiometers were also installed. at 15, 20, 25, 30 em depth to measure the soil-water potential. Infiltration rate of the soil was measured by pending method. A pit was made near the experimental field to check the fluctuation of water table depth during the experiment. Data on groundwater table measured during crop growth period indicated not much significant fluctuation. Such water table depth helped in removing excess surface water to serve the crop from water. logged or/and excess water condition'. Data were collected on- yield and yield attributing characters like total pod weight, plant weight, total pod no. 100 seed wt and plant height etc. under different drainage treatments.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Nuclear Agric 1-( 1 ) : 32-42; 1985.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It could be concluded that 15 cm raise ( ridge) system performed better among different drainage treatments. This is also evident from the soil moisture distribution study in terms hydraulic head and soil water content profile .

Knowledge Management: Journal