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Analysis of Variability in Rainfall Patterns in Greater Rajshahi Division Using Gis

M. Shamsuzzoha
Department of Emergency ManagementPatuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

A. Parvez
Department of Environmental SciencePatuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

A.F.M.K.Chowdhury
Department of Resource ManagementPatuakhali Science and Technology University, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study entitled ‘Analysis of Changes in Rainfall Patterns in Rajshahi Division using GIS’ is an experimental climatological research. The main objectives of the study is to examine the long-term changes in rainfall patterns of Rajshahi Division. Secondary data of rainfall distribution have been collected from Bangladesh Meteorological Department (BMD), Dhaka. The study has analysed monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall distribution pattern from 1962 to 2007 of five selected weather stations namely Bogra, Dinajpur, Ishurdi, Rajshahi and Rangpur. For convenience of analysis, the data has been divided into two halves of time period as 1962-1984 and 1985-2007. Based on GIS, the study gifts the spatial analysis of rainfall patten using Thiessen Polygon Method, Isohytal and Hytograph Method and Percentage Method. It has been found that there is evidence of annual rainfall change with an increasing pattern in Bogra, Dinajpur, Rajshahi and Rangpur. In these four stations, the changing pattern in Rangpur is the highest. Downward shift of annual rainfall shows a decreasing pattern in Ishurdi. The descending order of monthly and seasonal rainfall pattern for Ishurdi, Rajshahi and Rangpur has been found as July > June > September >August > October > April > March > February > November > December. Although Bogra and Dinajpur have contained this trend in the same order from July to March, anomalies pattern has been found for last four months. The seasonal variation of rainfall has been established as Monsoon > Pre – Monsoon > Post Monsoon > Winter for all those five stations. Evaluating the rainfall contour lines, it has been found that the rainfall annually varies from 1542.1 mm to 2235.8 mm in Rajshahi Division. The average number of rainy days in this region mostly varies from 86 to 112 days per year.

Keywords: GIS, Rainfall, Rajshahi

Location: Bogra, Dinajpur, Ishurdi, Rajshahi and Rangpur of Rajshahsi district

Start Date: 00-01-1962

End Date: 00-12-2007

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Non-commodity: Adoption and mitigation technology

Objectives:

1. Evaluation of longterm changes in rainfall (maximum, minimum and average) at Rajshahi Division; 2. Assessment of annual, seasonal (monsoon, pre-monsoon, postmonsoon, winter, dry season and critical period) and monthly trends of rainfall (maximum, minimum and average) at Rajshahi Division.

Methodology:

Secondary data of daily rainfall (in mm) for the time period of 1962-2007 has been collected from five selected weather stations (e.g. Bogra, Dinajpur, Ishurdi, Rajshahi and Rangpur) of Rajshahsi which have been being maintained by Bangladesh Meteorological Department. For convenience of analysis and to obtain a comparative pattern of rainfall variation, the available rainfall data (1962-2007) have been divided into two halves of time period as 1962 - 1984 and 1985-2007. Other information, images and base maps have been collected from various sources i.e. books, journals, websites and official records. Quantitative techniques like Mean, Median, Mode, Percentage, Frequency, Standard Deviation (SD), Sample Variance, Kurtosis, Skewness, Range, Sum, Moving Average (5-years) and Co-efficient of variance (COV) have been used in data analysis to obtain a contented tabular & graphical presentation. Thiessen polygon method and Isohyetal Map Method have been adopted for spatial analysis. The results have been presented in the maps by using ArcGIS.

Source of Information: J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 7(2): 141-149, 2014; ISSN 1999-7361

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study has revealed that the changes in rainfall patterns in Rajshahi Division have been taken place over the years. It is found an increasing pattern in mean monthly, seasonal and annual rainfall in most of the region of Rajshahi Division. However, rainfall is a very important climatic factor for availability of water supply for rain fed cultivation, irrigation, storage in reservoirs for dry seasonal using purpose, water resource management and planning, navigation, fresh water fish cultivation, aquifer’s recharging, and maintenance other water related issues and projects.

Knowledge Management: Journal