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Productivity of Rainfed Mustard in Relation to Tillage and Mulching

N. A. MONDAL
Senior Scientific Officer
BARI, OFRD, RARS, Jessore

S.M.A. HOSSAIN
Professor
Department of Agronomy, BAU, Mymensingh

S.U. BHUIYA
Professor
Department of Agronomy, BAU, Mymensingh,

M. JAHIRUDDIN
Professor
Department of Soil Science, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Field experiments were conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jessore during rabi (winter) seasons of 1999-2001 to study the tillage and mulching effects on conservation of residual soil moisture, yield attributes and yield of mustard (cv. Daulat.). Three different tillage methods, namely minimum, reduced and conventional tillage were used in the main plots and three different mulch materials, namely rice straw, water hyacinth, black polythene including no mulch were used in the sup-plots. It was observed that reduced tillage and polythene mulch or rice straw mulch conserve more moisture than other tillage methods and mulch application. Tillage practice significantly influenced the dry matter, yield and yield components of mustard. Reduced tillage gave consistently the highest seed yield (969 kg/ha), while minimum tillage gave the lowest seed yield (92 kg/ha). Mulching also resulted in better crop growth and increased yield. Significantly higher seed yield (1164 kg/ha) was recorded from black polythene mulch followed by rice straw mulch (1089 kg/ha). The yield of mustard was obtained due to the interaction effects on reduced tillage and polythene mulch followed by conventional tillage and polythene mulch, which was found superior to all other treatments. Results revealed that polythene mulch or rice straw mulch accompanied by reduced tillage was economically profitable for mustard cultivation/production under rainfed condition.

Keywords: Rainfed mustard, Tillage, Mulching.

Location: Regional Agricultural Research Station of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jessore

Start Date: 00-00-1999

End Date: 00-00-2001

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

The present experiment was undertaken to find out the suitable tillage methods and mulch application to conserve soil moisture for the better growth and yield of mustard during dry season.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Jessore during rabi (winter) seasons of 1999-2000 and 2000-2001 under rainfed condition. The soil was silt loam (Old Ganges Alluvial Sediment) in texture belonging to Gopalpur series (AEZ-11) harvesting pH (5.8 to 7.8), organic matter (1.25 to 2.15%), total nitrogen (0.080%), available phosphorus (13 ppm), exchangeable potassium (2 meq/l00 g) and available sulphur (12 ppm). The crop received 128 mm in 1999-2000 and 189 mm in 2000- 2001 during crop growth period. Mean maximum and minimum air temperatures were 28.98 and 16.07°C in 1999-2000 and 30.10 and 15.19 in 2000-2001, respectively, during crop season. The experiment consisted of 3 different tillage methods viz., minimum tillage (one ploughing followed by laddering), reduced tillage (two ploughings followedby laddering) and conventional tillage (4 ploughings followed by laddering) and 3 different mulch materials viz., rice straw (cover on the soil surface @ 2.5 t/ha, water hyacinth (cover on the soil surface @ 2.0 t/ha) and black polythene (cover on the soil surface 0.05 mm thickness) including no mulch. The trial was laid out in split plot design with four replications. The dimensions of individual plots were 4m × 3m. Tillage treatments were placed in the main plots and mulch treatments in the sub-plots. A fertilizer dose of 25-40-25-2-1 kg NPKSZnB/ha was applied in the field as urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum, zinc sulphate and boric acid, respectively. All fertilizers were applied at the time of final land preparation and incorporated with the soil. Mustard seeds (cv. Daulat) were sown in lines (30cm x 10cm) on 15 November in 1999 and 13 November in 2000. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0-15cm and 16-30 cm from soil to maturing determined by over dressing the samples at 105°C for 24 hours. Profile soil temperature of the experimental plots also was monitored at 10-day intervals in 0-15 cm soil depth at 12 to 1 noon. Plant protection measure was taken whenever needed. Seed yield and yield contributing characters of 10 days interval of mustard were collected at harvest. Data on different parameters were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by DMRT at 5% level of probability.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(3) : 597-606, December 2008 ISSN 0258-7122

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Two years’ study revealed that reduced tillage with black polythene mulch or straw mulch during dry season favored yield attributes which eventually resulted in high yield of mustard.

Knowledge Management: Journal