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Effect of Parthenium on Wheat

M H Rahman
SO
RARS, Jessore

B L Nag
PSO
RARS, Jessore

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore to study the effect of Parthenium in wheat field during Rabi seasons of 2013-2014. There were four weed association such as 100% Parthenium + Wheat, 75% Parthenium + Wheat, 50% Parthenium + Wheat, 25% Parthenium + Wheat and 100% wheat (sole) were used as treatments. The unit plot size was 4m × 3 m. It was laid out into a randomized complete block design with three replications having unit plot size 4m × 3 m. The highest number of Spike (322/m²) was recorded from the 100% wheat (sole) which was higher than those of 25% Parthenium + Wheat association (270/ m²). The lowest number of Spike (190/m²) was recorded from the 100% Parthenium + Wheat association which was statistically identical to those of 75%Parthenium + Wheat association (203/m²) and 50%Parthenium+Wheat association (213m²) because of 100%,75% and50% Parthenium competition with Wheat. The maximum grain yield (4.36 t/ha) was recorded from the 100% wheat (sole) plot because of no chance to Parthenium + Wheat association. The minimum grain yield (3.07 t/ha) was recorded from the 100% Parthenium + Wheat association plot due to presence of maximum Parthenium in Wheat field. The minimum number of tiller was found in 100 % Parthenium competition with wheat at all growth stages and the maximum number of tiller was found in 25 % Parthenium competition with wheat except sole wheat. The periodical dry matter accumulation of wheat was influenced by 100, 75, 50 and 25 % Parthenium presence, respectively. The total dry matter accumulation was clearly distinct under 100, 75, 50 and 25% Parthenium as compared to Parthenium free environment. The total dry matter allocation (t/ha) was higher in 25% Parthenium competition with wheat at different growth stages as compared to 100% Parthenium competition with wheat.

Keywords: Parthenium, Wheat, Yield loss

Location: RARS, Jessore

Start Date: 27-11-2013

End Date: 16-03-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of Parthenium on wheat and estimate yield loss of wheat.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Jessore during rabi season of 2013-2014 to study the effect of Parthenium in wheat field. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with 3 replications having 4m×3m unit plot size. There were four Parthenium - Wheat association viz. 100 % Parthenium + Wheat, 75% Parthenium + Wheat, 50% Parthenium + Wheat, 25% Parthenium + Wheat and 100% wheat (sole) were used as treatments. The calculation of percent Parthenium was to be done on the basis of both weight and number of Parthenium seed. It was estimated that 1000 Parthenium seed is needed to cover 1m²areas of land and weight of 1000 Parthenium seed is 0.33g. The experimental plots were fertilized @ 100 kg N, 60 kg P₂O_5, 40 kg K₂O, 20 kg S and 1 kg B per hectare in the form of urea, triple super phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MOP), gypsum and boric acid. Half of urea and full dose of TSP and MP were applied as basal. The rest urea was applied in two equal splits on 21 and 42 DAE. The Parthenium seed was broadcasted on 27 November 2013 in the well prepared and leveled land at the rate of 3.3kg/ha according to treatment wise. The seed of Wheat cv BARI gom-26’ was sown in 20 cm line spacing on 27 November 2013 in the well prepared and leveled land at the rate of 8 kg/ha for each treatment. Three irrigations were given on 21, 55 and 75 DAE. Weeding was done as and when necessary. In case of wheat, destructive and sequential plant sampling for total biomass was done at crown root initiation(CRI), panicle initiation (PI), 50%flowering (FL), 50% seed development (50% SD) and physiological maturity (PM) stages in designated areas of 50 cm × 2 rows in two diagonal side for each treatment. But in case of Parthenium, destructive and sequential plant sampling for total biomass was done at crown root initiation(CRI), panicle initiation (PI), 50%flowering (FL), 50% seed development (50% SD) and physiological maturity (PM) stages of wheat in designated areas of one-fourth meter square for each treatment except 100% wheat plot. At PM, in both of wheat and Parthenium, one meter of harvest area was taken for biomass and yield component analysis. The crop was harvested on 16 March, 2014. Data on yield and other crop characters of wheat were recorded and analyzed using MSTAT-C programme.

Source of Information: Annual Research Report 2013-2014, Agronomy Division, BARI, Gazipur.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1. Government

Budget: 20,000/-

Total Budget (Tk.) : 20,000/-

Achievement/Findings:

From the result it may be concluded that Parthenium caused 11-30 % yield loss of wheat.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings