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Estimation of Legume Nitrogen Fixation Grown in Northern Part of Bangladesh Using 15n Tracer

M. E. Haque
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M.A. Sattar
Director General, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture , Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. K. Khan
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. H. Rahman
Departrnent of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Nitrogen fixations in different legumes were estimated by using 15 N isotope dilution technique , at the BNF laboratory of Soil Science Division , Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), Mymensingh. The field experiments were conducted at BINA sub-station farm, Rangpur, in the Tista Meander Floodplain soils of Bangladesh , during the year of 2009-10 and 2010-11. Three different legumes (such as ; lentil , mungbean and soybean) and two inoculation systems (with and without inoculant) were randomly assigned in a split-plot design with 3 replications. For quantification of the amount of biological N fixation by different legumes , crops were grown in the isotope treated microplots {treated with 10.48% 15N labelled (NH₄hS0₄ fertilizer} and a non-nodulated crop (wheat) was included in a separate plot as reference . In all legumes, application of inoculants produced significantly highest amount of total yield than un-inoculated plots. Among the different legumes, soybean crop showed the maximum total yield of 6.57 tha^-1 (mean of two years result), when the seeds were treated with inoculants. Whereas the minimum total yield (2.43 tha^-1 ) was found in un-inoculated plots of mungbean crop . Quantity of total N (TN) and nitrogen derived from atmosphere (Ndfa) in different legumes were significantly higher in inoculated plots than un-inoculated ones. When the legume seeds were properly treated with inoculants before sowing, the highest amount of TN was quantified in soybean (189.63 kg ha^{- 1} ), which was followed by lentil (83.52 kg ha^{- 1}) and mungbean (70.16 kg ha^{- 1} ). Similar trend was also noticed in case of total atmospheric nitrogen fixation by different legumes. Soybean crop fixed the highest N (84.18% of its N amounting to 159.62 kg Nha^{- 1}), which was followed by lentil (82.82% of its N amounting 69. 13 kg N ha^{- 1}) and mungbean (% 80.73 of its N amounting 56.64 kg Nha^{- 1}). Due to inoculation , the total net N inputs added to the soil system for succeeding crops was comparatively higher than un-inoculated situation and among the different legumes, the maximum net N inputs was observed as 50.95 kg N ha ^{- 1} from inoculated soybean .

Keywords: 15N dilution technique , N-fixation and net N inputs

Location: Rangpur sub station farm of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA)

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2011

Program Area: Knowledge Management

Commodity: Bio fertilizer

Objectives:

To quantify the amount of N₂ fixed by three important legumes viz. lentil , mungbean and soybean with and without inoculant and also estimate the total net N inputs in soil system

Methodology:

Field experiments were conducted during 2009-10 and 2010-11 at Rangpur sub station farm of Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), located at 25°43' N latitude and 89°16' E longitude in the north-west part of Bangladesh . The soil of the experimental site was silt loam (19% clay, 51% silt and 30% sand) in Tista Meander Floodplain (agro-ecological zone), having pH 5.7 (in water) with C 1.5%, total N 0.07%, Olsen's P 15.5ppm and exchangeable K 0.10cmol kg^{- 1}. Three different legumes, such as; lentil (Lens culinaris Medik; cv. Binamusur-1), mungbean (Vigna sinensis; cv. Binamoog-4) and soybean (Glycine max L.; cv. Sohag) were tested with and without rhizobia] inoculant following split-plot design with three replications . For quantification of biological nitrogen fixation potentials of different legumes , isotope labelled ammonium sulphate {C5NH₄)₂ S0₄ } with 10.48% a.e. @ 20kg N/ha was uniformly sprayed to 1.00 square meter area of the legume plots . The reference crop wheat (Triticum aestivum) received 100kg N /ha in the isotopic subplot. Unlabelled urea was applied to remaining pm1 of each plot to keep the N doses uniform for whole of the plot and as per treatment plan. The P, K and S doses for wheat were 20, 50 and 5 kg ha^{- 1}, respectively. For legume crops, the P, K , and S doses were 15, 20 and 10 kg ha^{- 1} , respectively. The size of the each main plot was 6m x 8m and each plot contained two 1 5N micro plots (I m x 1m), which were assigned for isotopic study. Crops were harvested at physiological maturity. For total N estimation, the aerial parts were dried in an oven at 65°C ±I and %N was determined using micro-kjeldahl digestion apparatus. 15N/ 4N ratio analysis was performed using NOI-7 emission spectrophotometer (Martina, 2002) and 15 N related calculations were done by u sing the equations of Hard arson et al., 1 984 and Toomsan et al., 1995. Analysis of variance was performed on the data and means were classified follow in g Duncan's New Multiple Range Test (P<0.05).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Nuclear Agric. 23 & 24: 1-15, 2012;ISSN 0258-7130

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Among the tested legumes, soybean showed the maximum total yield of 6.58 Mgha^{- 1} in inoculated condition, whereas the minimum total yield was found in un-inoculated plots of mungbean (2.43 Mgha^{- 1} ). When the legume seeds were properly treated with inoculants before sowing, the highest amount of total N was quantified in soybean (189.63 kg ha^{- 1} ), which was followed by lentil (83.52 kg ha^{- 1} ) and mungbean (70.16 kg ha^{- 1} ). Soybean crop fixed the highest amount of atmospheric N (84.18% of its N₂amounting to 159.62 kg Nha^{- 1}), which was followed by lentil (82.82% of its N amounting 69.13 kg Nha^{- 1} ) and mungbean (% 80.73 of its N amounting 56.64 kg Nha^{- 1}). Due to inoculation, the total net N inputs added to the soil system for succeeding crops was comparatively higher than un inoculated situation and the maximum net N inputs was observed as 50.95 kg Nha^{- 1} from inoculated soybean.

Knowledge Management: Journal