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Effect of Amistar and Garlic Extract in Controlling Purple Blotch and Storage Diseases of Onion

AJOY KUMAR SAHA
MASTER OF SCIENCE IN PLANT PATHOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PATHOLOGY BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY MYMENSINGHExamination Roll No.05 Ag.P. Path.JD-25M, Registration No. 26657 (1999-2000), July-December, 2006

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The effect of Amistar (azoxystrobin) and garlic extract in controlling purple blotch (Alternaria porri) and the storage life of onion (Allium cepa) bulbs was investigated in the field laboratory and MS laboratory, Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh during the period from December 2005 to July 2006. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications by using onion variety Faridpuri Bhati. Amistar fungicide (0.05 and 0.1%) and garIic extract solution (0.05 and 0.1%) were sprayed at 15 days interval from 45 days after transplanting (OAT). The results obtained in this study indicated a profound effect of Amistar and garlic extract with significant reduction of purple blotch of onion. Amistar 0.1% and garlic extract 1% gave significant reduction of per cent leaf area diseased at 52.94% and 34.41% and increase yield by 37.85% and 3I.90%, respectively over control. Amistar 0.05% and garlic extract 0.5% also gave remarkable disease reduction of over control. Amistar decreased post emergence mortality up to 34.81% over control. Amistar (0.1%) resulted in reduction of diseased leaves/plant by 25.50% over control. Amistar (0.1%, 2 spray) found most effective to increase weight of bulbs/plot (g) and weight of each healthy bulb (g) up to 44.95% and 37.85%, respectively over control. Amistar was also found effective in reduction of% bulb diseased up to 51.85% over control. Per cent A.vpergil/us niger, Fusarium oxy.vporum infection reduced up to 51.52% and 75.86%. respectively over control by spraying at Amistar 0.1% solution. Garlic extract (1%) resulted increase of yield by 31.90% and it reduced post emergence mortality up to 26.07% over control. Garlic extract also showed good effect on increase of weight of bulbs/plot (g) and weight of each healthy bulb (g) and reduced % bulb diseased, % infection of Aspergillus niger and bacteria up to 35.11%, 31.91%, 42.590/o, 38.64%, 43.3%, respectively over control. Garlic extract also showed good effect on increase of weight of bulbs/plot (g) and weight of each healthy bulb (g) and reduced % bulb diseased, % infection of Aspergillus niger and bacteria up to 35.11%, 31.91%, 42.590/o, 38.64%, 43.3%, respectively over control. The findings of the present study clearly pointed out that Amistar and garlic extract may successfully be used by the growers for controlling purple blotch of onion under field condition.

Keywords: Effect, Amistar and garlic extract, Purple blotch, Onion

Location: Plant Pathology Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh. Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-12-2005

End Date: 00-07-2006

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

1. To find out the effectiveness of Amistar and Garlic Extract m controlling the purple blotch of onion, and 2. To evaluate the performance of Amistar and Garlic Extract on yield. storage life and quality of onion.

Methodology:

The ex perimental field was located at 24°75' N latitude and 90°50' longgitude at an altitude of 18 m above the sea level. The land was medium high belonging to the Sonatala soil series of non-calcarious dark -grey flood plains soil type under the Old Brahmaputra Flood Plain or Agro-Ecological Zone-9. The type of the experimental site belongs to the non-calcareous grey flood plain soil having pH range 6.5 to 6.8. Soil was fertilized with nitrogen (in the form of urea), phosphorus (in the form of Triple super phosphate, TSP). potassium (in the form of Muriate of potash,MoP) as per recommendation. The experiment was 'w'as carried out following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The unit plots size was 2m x 2m separated from each other by 1 m. The selected treatments were replicated according to the experimental design. The treatments were applied into the assigned plots as per design or the experiment are stated: T₁ - Control, T₂ = Spraying of Amistar at 0.05% solution, T₃ = Spraying of Amistar at 0.1% solution, T₄ = Spraying of giarlic extract at 0.5% solution T₅ - Spraying of Garlic extract 1% solution. Garlic bulbs were crushed in mortar by pestle. Water was added to it separatey. The mixture was stirred and kept over night at room temperature (25±2⁰C).The mixture was then shaken for two hours in a flask shaker filtered through cheese cloth followed by filtration through filter paper Whatmann No. I. The extracted liquid was used as garlic extracts. The garlic extract was prepared at 0.5 and I % solution where garlic bulbs and water were used In each plot five middle rows are selected for collecting the data. From each selected rows, five plants were selected following one after another sequence. Data were recorded on different parameters on individual plant basis at 15 days interval s started just after the onset of the disease symptom m experimental plot. Spraying was started just after the appearance of disease symptom (45 days after transplanting). Altogether 2 schedule of sprays were maintained for both the spray solutions. These were 45 days after transplanting (DAT), 60 days after transplanting (DAT). According to assigned treatment and schedule, spraying was done with a hand sprayer and two litter of spray solution was used to spray the plants in each three replicated plots (4 m²). To avoid the drifting of the fungicide and spray solution during application, temporary fencing was made with polythene sheet surrounding the unit plot at the time of spray. A control treatment was maintained in each block where spraying was done with plain water only. Onion bulbs were harvested at maturity, at which the plants have been showing the sign of drying out of most leaves. Onion bulbs were carefully lifted with the help of khurpi. To avoid injury, care was taken during harvesting the bulbs by khurpi. Then the stalks were cut 2 cm above bulbs and dried in the sun and later weight was taken. At the time of storing the bulbs. total weight of bulbs/plot was taken. Later the bulbs weight/plot was taken three times at 30 days interval for determining weight loss of bulbs/plot. The diseased leaves of onion plants were collected and placed in polythene bags, sample by sample, taggd within and outside the bag and were taken to the laboratory of the Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Then slides were prepared and identified the pathogen (Alternaria porri) under microscope. In the same way, the fungi that grew out of the stored bulbs were identified following the key of Compendium of Onion Diseases. During storage. number of Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum. bacteria infected bulb for each treatment were counted. The recorded data on different characters were statistically analyzed to find out the significant differences among the treatment means. The experiment was held on RCBD. Means of treatments were separated using Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The collected data were analyzed using a statistical computer package (MSTATC).

Source of Information: MASTER OF SCIENCE IN PLANT PATHOLOGY, DEPARTMENT OF PLANT PATHOLOGY BANGLADESH AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY MYMENSINGH; Examination Roll No.05 Ag.P. Path.JD-25M, Registration No. 26657 (1999-2000), July-December, 2006

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Funding Source:

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Achievement/Findings:

The results obtained in this study indicated a profound effect of Amistar and garlic extract with significant reduction of purple blotch of onion. Amistar 0.1% and garlic extract 1% gave significant reduction of per cent leaf area diseased at 52.94% and 34.41% and increase yield by 37.85% and 3I.90%, respectively over control. Amistar 0.05% and garlic extract 0.5% also gave remarkable disease reduction of over control. Amistar decreased post emergence mortality up to 34.81% over control. Amistar (0.1%) resulted in reduction of diseased leaves/plant by 25.50% over control. Amistar (0.1%, 2 spray) found most effective to increase weight of bulbs/plot (g) and weight of each healthy bulb (g) up to 44.95% and 37.85%, respectively over control. Amistar was also found effective in reduction of% bulb diseased up to 51.85% over control. Per cent A.vpergil/us niger, Fusarium oxy.vporum infection reduced up to 51.52% and 75.86%. respectively over control by spraying at Amistar 0.1% solution. Garlic extract (1%) resulted increase of yield by 31.90% and it reduced post emergence mortality up to 26.07% over control. Garlic extract also showed good effect on increase of weight of bulbs/plot (g) and weight of each healthy bulb (g) and reduced % bulb diseased, % infection of Aspergillus niger and bacteria up to 35.11%, 31.91%, 42.590/o, 38.64%, 43.3%, respectively over control. Garlic extract also showed good effect on increase of weight of bulbs/plot (g) and weight of each healthy bulb (g) and reduced % bulb diseased, % infection of Aspergillus niger and bacteria up to 35.11%, 31.91%, 42.590/o, 38.64%, 43.3%, respectively over control. The findings of the present study clearly pointed out that Amistar and garlic extract may successfully be used by the growers for controlling purple blotch of onion under field condition.

Knowledge Management: Thesis