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Comparative Study on the Effectiveness of Field, Marcotte and Solution Techniques in Sugarcane Hybridization

S. R. Saha
Sugarcane Research and Training Institute, lshurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

M.A. Miah
Sugarcane Research and Training Institute, lshurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

M. A. Mannan
Sugarcane Research and Training Institute, lshurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

M. A. Karim
Sugarcane Research and Training Institute, lshurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A comparative study on the effectiveness of field, marcotte and solution techniques in sugarcane hybridization was carried out at SRTI during the season 1983-84. The Isd. 16 was used as pistillate parent, and 1-101/66 and Misrilal as staminate parents. The number of seeds per gram, the days for germination, the percentage of germination and mortality were recorded. It was observed that marcotte technique produced more seeds and seedlings per gram with lower mortality (%) over the solution and field techniques. Marcotte seeds also germinated faster than field technique but was similar to solution technique. Hence, m arcotte technique is the most appropriate one for con- trolled hybridization. Solution technique may also be used in special cases.

Keywords: Marcotte, Solution techniques, Sugarcane hybridization

Location: Sugarcane Research and Training Institute, lshurdi, Pabna, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-1983

End Date: 00-00-1884

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

A study was undertaken at the SRTI to compare the effectiveness of three techniques to produce maximum viable seeds.

Methodology:

Three varieties namely, Isd. 16, 1-101/66 and Misrilal were utilized in this hybridization study. lsd. 16 was used as female parent whereas 1-101/66 and Misrilal were used as male parents. Two bi-parental crosses were used in the study: Isd. 16 x 1-101/66 and Isd. 16 x Misrilal. In the field technique, eight male arrows (four from each of the two varieties) were collected, brought to the female arrows and dusted separately by hand in the morning to ensure pollination. The female arrows remained uncovered. In case of marcotte technique, the parental stalks were marcotted when they showed the signs of flowering (shortening of the leaf-blade). Sawdust and transparent polythene sheets were used as rooting media and wrapping material, respectively. After 2-3 weeks, when sufficient number of roots were visible and arrows have already started emerging the marcotted stalks were excised and placed in the water trough under the crossing- shed. With solution technique, 75 ml of the acid stock solution was mixed with two gallons of river water in buckets. Stalks of the desired parents were excised, brought to the crossing-shed and placed in the buckets. In each set of the marcotte and solution techniques, there were four female and two male arrows, enclosed with muslin cloth lantern. Each cross was arranged in such a way that the males were always slightly above the female parents. Temperature is the most important factor in the production of sufficient number of viable pollen (liu, 1965). Since night temperature at SRTI could go down as low as 7 - 9⁰C during the hybridization period one 100 wtt incandescent electric bulb was placed in each lantern. The preserving crossing solution, in each bucket, was changed every four alternate days and topping-up was performed with fresh solution every two days. For better pollen shedding each set-up was lightly tapped at every 30 minutes in the morning from 6 to 11 a.m, for 7 to 10 days. After pollination the male arrows were discarded and the lanterns were also removed. The female arrows were left in the trough and solution for further development and maturation of caryopses. When the florets started shattering at the terminal end at the slightest whiff of wind the arrows were enclosed with paper bags to prevent loss of fuzz. Mature seeds were then harvested, stripped-off, weighed and stored in deep-freeze. Before sowing, four gram of seeds from each of the' two crosses representing the three techniques were counted to find out the number of seeds per gram. Each gram of seeds was then sown in individual plastic tray with 4 replications and data were recorded on the number or days to germinate, number of seedlings germinated per gram and percentage of seedling mortality. Number of days to germinate was counted from the date of plumule appearance to the date of maximum germination. Then the analysis of variance was done for the average data of four replications of each cross and the mean values were evaluated by DNMR test.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Sugarcane, 6: 8-11 July, 1984

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of the above results it may be suggested that marcotte technique in the hybridization programme of SRT! would produce more viable hybrid seeds. Solution technique may also be used in special cases.

Knowledge Management: Journal