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Radiation Sensitivity Studies in Sugarcane and Selection of Mutants with Resistance / Tolerance to Red Rot Disease

M.A.Q. Shaikh
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, P.O. Box 4, Mymensingh.

K.M. Shamsuzzaman
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture,P.O. Box 4, Mymensingh.

M.A. Majid
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture,P.O. Box 4, Mymensingh.

M.A.R. Howlider
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agricultue, P.O. Box 4, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Three varieties of sugarcane Isd-2/54, Nagarbari and Latarijaba were irradiated with 20, 30, 40 Gy doses of gamma rays for inducing mutants with resistance/tolerance to red rot (Colletotrichum falcatum Went) disease. Germination percentage, seedling height, plant height, number of tillers/ hill and diameter of canes gradually decreased with increase in radiation doses in the MV I and MV 2 generations. Most of the varieties showed stimulating effect at the 20 Gy dose in both the' generations. In the MY generation, field screening was carried out by planting infected canes in between gamma-ray treated materials. Only healthy MV₂ canes were used for growing in the MV₃ generation. In the MV₃generation, a total of 2954 canes were artificially inoculated with the spore suspension of C. falcatum. Only 37 canes were found to be resistant and 151 canes were moderately resistant against the red rot disease.

Keywords: Sugarcane, Radiosensitivity, Mutation, Red rot

Location:

Start Date: 00-00-1990

End Date: 00-00-1992

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Sugarcane

Objectives:

To develop sugarcane mutants with resistance/tolerance to the disease.

Methodology:

Three varieties of sugarcane viz., Isd-2/54, Latarijaba and Nagarbari were irradiated with 20, 30 and 40 Gy of gamma rays. MV₁ generation was grown in non-replicated plots at the Kaliachapra Sugar Mills farm, Kishoregonj during 1990- 91 using normal cultural practices. Two to three canes were selected from the central portion of the hill during the harvesting stage. Only the middle one-third portion of each of the selected cane was taken for growing MV ₂ generation. The sets were planted dose wise in the MV₂ generation both at Kaliachapra Sugar Mills farm, Kishoregonj and BINA farm, Mymensingh during 1991-92. Distances between rows and hills were 100 and 30 ern, respectively. Fertilizer was used at the rate of 280 kg Urea, 185 kg T.S.P. and 185 kg M.P. per hectare. Data on germination percentage, number of tillers/ hill, cane height and diameter of cane were collected. Red rot infected canes were planted between the treated lines as a field screenings measure. The experimental field was irrigated three times to create water- logging condition in the early stages of growth for proper spreading of the disease. Preliminary selection of disease tolerant canes were made by taking only the uninfected canes. One/two canes were taken from the central portion of the field-tolerant MV₂ hills again and only the middle one-third part of each cane was used for planting in MV₃. MV₃generation was grown at both Kaliachapra Sugar Mills farm and BINA farm, Mymensingh during 1992-93. Two to three sets were taken from each MV₂ selected cane for growing in the MV 3 generation. Artificial inoculation of the 10 month old plants was done with the sopre suspension of C. falcaium by standard plug method ( Hutchinson, 1978). The spores were collected from 10-15 days old culture of one unknown isolate of Colletotrichum falcatum previously grown on to Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA). The concentration of the inoculum was about one million spores/ml of water and the quantity of suspension injected per cane was 0.2 ml. The inoculated canes were split-open and scored two months later following the disease severity index (0-9) developed by All India Coordinated Research Project on Sugarcane (Alexander, 1989-90). Selection was made on the basis of disease severity. The canes showing disease severity indices of 0.0 to 2.0 and 2.1 to 4.0 were considered to be resistant and moderately resistant, respectively. Selected resistant (R) and moderately resistant (MR) canes will be further tested using isolates of the' pathogen.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Nuclear Agric. 11 : 37-45, 1995

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Most of the varieties showed stimulating effect at the 20 Gy dose in both the' generations. In the MY₁ generation, field screening was carried out by planting infected canes in between gamma-ray treated materials. Only healthy MV ₂ canes were used for growing in the MV₃ generation. In the MV₃generation, a total of 2954 canes were artificially inoculated with the spore suspension of C. falcatum. Only 37 canes were found to be resistant and 151 canes were moderately resistant against the red rot disease.

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