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Reproductive Biology of Three Medicinal Plants

SHAMIM ARA LIZA
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

MD. OLIUR RAHMAN
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

MD. ZASHIM UDDIN
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

MD. ABUL HASSAN
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

MOMTAZ BEGUM
Department of Botany, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This paper presents the flower morphology, pollination mechanisms and seed germination of three indigenous medicinal plants of Bangladesh namely, Asclepias curassavica L., Clerodendrum viscosum Vent. and Scoparia dulcis L. The minimum days taken for seed germination in Asclepias curassavica, Clerodendrum viscosum and Scoparia dulcis were 6, 14 and 9, respectively. Epigeal type of seed germination was noted in Asclepias curassavica and Scoparia dulcis, whereas hypogeal type of seed germination was found in Clerodendrum viscosum. Fruit production was highest in Scoparia dulcis among the species studied and a maximum of 304 seeds were produced per fruit in it. Maximum 108 seeds were produced per fruit in Asclepias curassavica. Among the species investigated Asclepias curassavica and Clerodendrum viscosum were cross-pollinated, and Scoparia dulcis was self-pollinated. Butterflies, bees and ants were noted to be the pollinators in Asclepias curassavica and in Clerodendrum viscosum black ants, butterflies and long tongue hawk moths were the pollinators.

Keywords: Taxonomy, Pollination, Seed germination, Asclepias curassavica L., Clerodendrum viscosum Vent, Scoparia dulcis L.

Location: Botanic garden of Dhaka University

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Development of Host and Medicinal Plants

Commodity: Plant

Objectives:

To investigate different biological characteristics like mode of pollination and seed germination in these three indigenous important medicinal plants which might help us in bringing the plants under cultivation.

Methodology:

Three medicinal plants were selected for this study namely, Asclepias curassavica, Clerodendrum viscosum and Scoparia dulcis. Plants were collected from different parts of the country and planted in the Botanic garden of Dhaka University for closer observation and critical study. Flower morphology of each plant was studied critically. Bagging experiment: In order to understand the pollination mechanism bagging experiments were carried out. Bags of fine cotton cloth were used for bagging which were done to note the mode of pollination of the flowers using the protocol of Hassan and Khan (1996). Unopened floral buds were caged by cotton bags and kept under observation. Emasculated floral buds were also brought under bagging. Observations on phenology were made throughout the year. Seed germination experiment: Seeds were collected from mature fruits for germination experiments. Earthen pots of 10 inch in diameter filled sown at different times of the year to record dormancy and viability, suitable time for germination, percentage and type of germination, up with a mixture of soil and compost (2:1) were used for seed sowing. Ten to thirty seeds at each time were sown.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 17(1): 69-78, 2010 (June)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Fruit production was highest in Scoparia dulcis among the species studied and a maximum of 304 seeds were produced per fruit in it. Maximum 108 seeds are produced per fruit in Asclepias curassavica. Among the species investigated Asclepias curassavica and Clerodendrum viscosum were cross-pollinated, and Scoparia dulcis was self-pollinated. Butterflies, bees and ants were noted to be the pollinators in Asclepias curassavica and in Clerodendrum viscosum black ants, butterflies and long tongue hawk moths were the pollinators.

Knowledge Management: Journal