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Comparison of Digesting Capacity of Nitric Acid and Nitric Acid-perchloric Acid Mixture and the Effect of Lanthanum Chloride on Potassium Measurement

Molla Rahman Shaibur
Department of Environmental Science & Health Management, Jessore Science & Technology University,Bangladesh

Abul Hasnat
School of Agriculture & Rural Development, Bangladesh Open University, Gazipur-1705, Bangladesh

S. M. Imamul Huq
Department of Soil, Water & Environment, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh

Shigenao Kawai
The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Iwate University, Morioka 020-8550, Japan

Md. Shamim
Graduate School of Environmental Science, Okayama University, 1-1, Tsushima-Naka, 3-Chome, Okayama700-8530, Japan

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Nitric acid-perchloric acid mixture is the renowned digesting reagent in the scientific world of plant nutrition. Beside this, some other inorganic acids can be used as the digester of plant samples. Therefore, this experiment was conducted to find out if there is any difference between the digesting capacity of nitric acid (HNO₃) and nitric acid-perchloric acid mixture (HNO₃-HClO₄) or not. The hydroponic experiments were conducted with barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. Minorimugi) and rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Akihikari) seedlings. At suitable stage, the plant samples were collected, washed with deionized water, separated into shoot and root, dried, grinded and then divided into two groups for shoot and root individually for two types of seedlings. One group was for only HNO₃ acid and the other group was for HNO₃-HClO₄ acid mixture. Phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) were measured after digesting the samples. There was no significant difference between the digesting capacity of HNO₃ acid and HNO₃-HClO₄ acid mixture. Potassium was measured by diluting the samples (200-600 times) containing lanthanum chloride (LaCl₃) or without LaCl₃. Lanthanum chloride did not have any significant effect on K measurement in this dilution system.

Keywords: Concentration, Lanthanum chloride, Nitric acid, Nitric acid-perchloric acid mixture

Location: Department of Environmental Science & Health Management, Jessore Science & Technology University,Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Non-commodity: Contamination of soil

Objectives:

To find out the effect of HClO₄ on As determination, because loss of As can occur in presence of high halide concentration or during determination, halide may interferes As determination.

Methodology:

Two experiments were conducted in this study. Experiment 1 was conducted to compare the digesting capacity of HNO₃ acid with HNO₃-HClO₄ acid mixture and to determine the effect of LaCl₃ on K determination. Experiment 2 (rice in plus [+Fe] condition) was conducted to verify the effect of LaCl₃ (purity 98% and 2% in final solution) on K determination that was obtained from the first experiment. Barley seeds were surface sterilized with 2% chlorinated lime [Ca(OCl)2] for 45 minutes rinsed with tap water continuously for 1 hour and sandwiched between moistened towels covered with wrapping paper at 25°C for 24 hours in electric incubator. Germinated seeds were placed on plastic net in the seed box containing 2 mM CaCl₂ solution in the greenhouse. After 7 days, the solution in the seed box was replaced with 1/5-strength modified Hoagland-Arnon solution containing 4.0 μM Fe3+-EDTA. The plants were allowed to grow (another 7 days) until the length of the second leaf was about 20% of that of the first leaf. The full-strength of modified Hoagland-Arnon solution contained 6.0 mM KNO₃; 4.0 mM Ca(NO₃)2 ; 1.0 mM NH₄H₂PO₄; 2.0 mM MgSO₄; 20.0 μM Fe₃+-EDTA; 3 μM H₃BO₃; 0.5 μM MnSO₄; 0.2 μM CuSO₄; 0.4 μM ZnSO₄and 0.05 μM H₂MoO₄. The –Fe medium was prepared by removing Fe₃+-EDTA and substituting NH₄H₂PO₄ with the same concentration of NaH₂PO₄. The pH (6.5) of the solutions was adjusted daily with 1 M HCl and/or 1 M NaOH. Rice seeds were surface sterilized with 2% chlorinated lime [Ca(OCl)2] for 45 minutes and rinsed with tap water continuously for 1 hour. After washing, the seeds were wrapped between moistened towels and were kept in a seed growth chamber at 25°C for 72 hours. Then the seeds were transferred on a net in a plastic seed box containing 2% CaCl₂ for 9 days in the greenhouse. Then the seedlings were transferred in ½ strength nutrient solution for another 9 days. Potassium, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu were determined with atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) from the digested solution. Phosphorus was determined colorimetrically using a UV-visible spectrophotometer (model UV mini 1240, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan) at 420 nm wavelength after developing the yellow color with vanadomolybdate as described. The experiments were a completely randomized block design with 4/3 replications. Data were subjected to ANOVA. Differences between means were evaluated using a Ryan-Einot-Gabriel-Welsch multiple range test (P = 0.05) (SAS Institute, 1988) using computer origin 5 at Iwate University, Morioka, Japan.

Source of Information: Nature and Science 2010; 8(5): 157-162;. ISSN: 1545-0740.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of the present study showed that there were no significant differences between the digesting capacities of HNO₃ acid and HNO₃-HClO₄ acid mixtures. With the present heating procedure only HNO₃ acid could be used for the digestion of plant samples especially which contains elements, which determination could be affected by HClO₄. Moreover, we found less P in HNO₃-HClO₄ acid digested samples as compared to only HNO₃ acid digested samples. Therefore, it was suggested that only HNO₃ acid is a good digester for P and may be for As containing samples also. It was also revealed that there was no significant difference of K concentration data between the solutions containing LaCl₃ or without LaCl₃ for both experiments. Therefore, it is suggested that the K can be measured from the LaCl₃ containing solution especially when the mother solution was diluted enough in this experiment. In this laboratory, K and Mg could be measured from the same solution if the solution is diluted appropriately.

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