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Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Assessment in Bangladesh

Anwar Ali
Space Research and Remote Sensing Organization (SPARRSO), Agargaon, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Bangladesh is likely to be one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to climate change. This paper discusses the possible impacts of climate change in Bangladesh through tropical cyclones, storm surges, coastal erosion and back water effect. The possible increase in cyclone frequency in the Bay of Bengal, lying south of Bangladesh, due to climate change is looked at by analyzing the cyclone data for 119 yr. Both qualitative and quantitative discussions are made on cyclone intensity increase for a sea surface temperature rise of 2 and 4°C. Different scenarios of storm surges under different climate change conditions are developed by using a numerical model of storm surges for the Bay of Bengal. Possible loss of land through beach erosion due to sea level rise on the eastern coast of Bangladesh is examined. Some discussions are also made on the impacts of back water effect due to sea level rise on flood situations in the country. Finally, a few remarks are made on the adapta- tion options for Bangladesh in the event of climate change.

Keywords: Bangladesh , Climate change , Impacts ,Tropical cyclone , Storm surge , Erosion , Back water effect , Adaptations

Location: Bay of Bengal and the adjoining North Indian Ocean

Start Date: 00-01-1999

End Date: 00-06-1999

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Non-commodity: Adoption and mitigation technology

Objectives:

The paper discusses some possible adaptation procedures that may be undertaken in Bangladesh to face the challenge of climate change in the future.

Methodology:

Most of the climate change impacts in Bangladesh are likely to come from the south — that is, the Bay of Bengal and the adjoining North Indian Ocean. These waters are the sources of tropical cyclones and storm surges, coastal erosion, monsoon wind, evaporation for monsoon rainfall, floods, and droughts. Considering these, the present paper concentrates on the following topics: tropical cyclones, storm surges, coastal erosion, and back water effect on floods in Bangladesh.

Source of Information: CLIMATE RESEARCH Vol. 12: 109–116, 1999

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

This paper has discussed the vulnerability of Bangladesh to climate change with particular reference to tropical cyclone frequency and intensity, storm surges, coastal erosion, and back water effect. The analysis has been both qualitative and quantitative. The vulnerability assessments may have many shortcomings in terms of analytical procedures, and more research is needed to arrive at a more reliable assessment so that a better response mechanism can be developed. A few adaptation options have also been identified. These options will pay a favorable return even if the climate change does not occur.

Knowledge Management: Journal