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Grouping of Rice Genotypes Based on Shoot Growth for Salt Tolerance at Germination Stage

D.E. Jharna
Department of Biochmistry and Food Analysis, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali

M.A. Hossain
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

B.L.D. Chowdhury
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

M.M. Islam
Biotechnology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Salinity induced changes in shoot length and weight were examined to screen out salt tolerant rice genotypes. A total of 127 rice genotypes including mostly traditional, cultivated in the coastal regions of Bangladesh and some improved genotypes were used in the study. The study was conducted in petridish with 0, 9 and 15 dS m^-1salinity. Based on the performances, genotypes were scored and grouped as highly tolerant (score 1), tolerant (score 3), moderately tolerant (score 5), susceptible (score 7) and highly susceptible (score 9). Salinity stress reduced the shoot length and weight of rice genotypes. But the extent of shoot length and weight, varied with genotypes and levels of salinity. Generally in control condition shoot length and weight was found higher and it gradually decreased with the increase of salt concentration. Based on decrease of shoot dry wight at 15 dS m^-1 salinity, 6 genotypes scored 1, 36 scored 3, 50 scored 5, 31 scored 7, and 4 scored 9. Regarding shoot length, 5 genotypes were found highly tolerant, 38 were tolerant, 52 moderately tolerant, 27 susceptible and 5 were highly susceptible.

Keywords: Salinity, Rice, Shoot and root.

Location: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-04-2011

End Date: 30-04-2011

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

1. To understand the mechanisms of salt tolerance in rice plant and to screen out a wide range of rice genotypes based on their tolerance to different levels of salinity.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the laboratory of the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during April 2011. There were 127 rice genotypes comprising 120 traditional genotypes cultivated in the coastal region of Bangladesh and 7 improved varieties were used as check varietes for selection of salt tolerance. Among the genotypes 6 were previously released as moderately salt tolerant rice variety (Binadhan 8, BR23, BRRI dhan40, BRRI dhan41, BRRI dhan47 and BRRI dhan53) and 1 was salt susceptible rice variety (Binadhan 7). Three salinity levels such as 0, 9 and 15 dS m^-1 were maintained in the experiment. The different salinity levels were obtained by dissolving crude salt (collected from seashore) in distilled water. During dissolving salt with distilled water, the EC value was frequently measured with EC meter so that pre-fixed salinity level could be maintained. The control (0 dS m^-1) was maintained using distilled water only. The study was carried out in petri dishes having 15 cm diameter using two layers of filter paper. Twenty five seeds were placed on filter paper and 10ml of treatment solutions of different salinity levels were poured in each petri dish to immerse the seeds partially for ensuring proper aeration. The petri dishes were placed on a table in the laboratory. The seeds were allowed to germinate at room temperature (25±2°C). Distilled water was added to each Petri dish every day as required. The young seedlings were up-rooted 8 days after sowing (DAS). Ten randomly selected plants of each genotype from each treatment were used for data recording. Shoot length was measured from the base to the tip of the longest leaf of the plumule. Shoots were separated from the seedlings and oven-dried at 650C for a period until a constant weight was obtained. Dry weight (mg) of shoot of each seedling was recorded. Percent decrease of shoot length and shoot weight, due to salinity stress was calculated using the following formula: % drerease = [{(Traits control treatments) – (Traits of salinized treatment)} ÷ (Traits of control treatments)]. The range of percent decrease was determined and divided into five equal groups in ascending order. The groups were chronologically scored as 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 which represent very tolerant, tolerant, moderately tolerant, susceptible and very susceptible genotypes to salt stress, respectively. The grouping of rice genotypes into five distinct categories were done according to IRRI.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 8 (1): 33-36, 2014; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Salinity stress reduced the shoot length and weight of rice genotypes. But the extent of shoot length and weight, varied with genotypes and levels of salinity. Generally in control condition shoot length and weight was found higher and it gradually decreased with the increase of salt concentration. Based on decrease of shoot dry wight at 15 dS m^-1 salinity, 6 genotypes scored 1, 36 scored 3, 50 scored 5, 31 scored 7, and 4 scored 9. Regarding shoot length, 5 genotypes were found highly tolerant, 38 were tolerant, 52 moderately tolerant, 27 susceptible and 5 were highly susceptible.

Knowledge Management: Journal