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Brinjal and Chilli Cultivation Along with Lohakat (xylia Dolabriformis) Tree as Agroforestry System

F. Bithi
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

G.M.M Rahman
Department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the Agroforestry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, during the period from 10th February 2012 to 15th May 2013 to find out the growth performance of Brinjal and Chilli grown as intercrop with five years old Lohakat (Xylia dolabriformis) trees. The experimental design was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Different treatments of the experiment were T₀ (open field), T₁ (0.0-0.5m distance from tree base), T₂ (0.5-1.0m distance from tree base) and T₃ (1.0-1.5m distance from tree base). The individual plot size was 6m x 2m and each plot contains two lohakat tree maintain 3m distance from one to another. For fruit production purpose the growth and yield of brinjal and chilli were observed in this study. The result of the experiment revealed that the yield of the crops increased gradually with the increase of planting distance from the tree and crops under 1.0-1.5m of the tree provide better yield performance compared to open field condition. The morphological characteristics viz. plant height, no. of leaves per plant, leaf area (cm²), number of flower per plant, number of fruit per plant, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), fruit weight (g) of brinjal and chilli were less vigorous near the Lohakat tree base. Highest number of flower per plant for brinjal was (5.5) and for chilli was (100) and fruit per plant for brinjal was ( 33.5) and for chilli was (75) were in open field condition which were almost statistically similar in 1.0-1.5m distance area for brinjal were (5.3, 31.6) and for chilli were (86.5, 64.2) lowest value was recorded in 0-0.5m distance area for brinjal and chilli were (3.3, 1.3) and (10.2, 7.7) from tree base. Individual fruit weight of brinjal was highest in open field condition ( 20.6g ) followed by 1.0-1.5m (19.8g ), 0.5-1.0m (14.5g) and 0-0.5m (10.5g) distance area and for chiili the individual fruit weight was highest in open field condition (2.85g) followed by 1.0-1.5m (2.65g ), 0.5-1.0m (19.6g) and 0-0.5m (1.12g) distance area from Lohakat tree base. It was observed that open field produced highest Yield of brinjal fruit (28.50t/ha) which was 27.10, 19.50, 10.50 t/ha lower in 1.0-1.5m, 0.5-1.0m and 0-0.5m distance area from Lohakat tree base and the highest yield of chilli in open field condition was (4.50 t/ha) which were 4.15, 2.93, 1.58 t/ha lower in1.0-1.5m, 0.5-1.0m and 0-0.5m distance area from Lohakat tree base respectively.

Keywords: Brinjal, Chilli, Lohakath, Xylia dolabriformis, Intercropping, Agroforestry system

Location: Agroforestry Farm of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 10-02-2012

End Date: 15-05-2013

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Lohakat, Chilli, Brinjal

Objectives:

1. To investigate the interaction effect four years old Lohakat (Xylia dolabriformis) tree on the growth and yield of brinjal and chilli.

Methodology:

Study site: The experiment was carried out at the experimental farm in the project field under department of Agroforestry in Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from 10 February 2012 to 15 May 2013.The place is geographically located between 24⁰75?North latitude and 90⁰50? East longitude. Plant materials: Plant materials of this study were Lohakath (Xylia dolabriformis) tree, brinjal and chilli as herbaceous crops. Lohakath tree was planted in the study plots about five years ago i.e. in the year 2008. Bringal and chilli were raised at the department of Agroforestry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. Tree establishment and management: During the study period lohakath tree were well established and average height and girth were 6.59 and 0.25m respectively. Before final land preparation the trees were pruned. So, the brinjal and chilli plants got the direct sunlight which enhances the growth of brinjal and chilli plants. Seedling sowing: Seeds of brinjal and chilli were directly sown in the experimental plot on 10th October 2012. The spacing maintained was 40×40 cm for these vegetables. Experimental design and treatment combination: The study was laid out following the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. In each replication two lohakath trees were included in a 6m×2m size plot. In individual plot total 78 {(5×16)-2=78} brinjal and chilli plants included surrounding the both lohakath trees. Different treatments from the base of the lohakath tree were of difference distances and the treatments were as: T₀ = Open field referred to as control, T₁ = 0.5 m distance from the tree, T₂= 0.5 to 1.0 m distance from the tree, T₃ =1.0 to 1.5 m distance from the tree. Intercultural operation: Different intercultural operations such as fertilization, weeding, thinning, gap filling, irrigation etc. were done for better growth of the brinjal and chilli plants. To keep the plots free from weeds, weeding was done several times for experimental plots and control plots. All the plots were irrigated whenever needed by using watering cane to supply sufficient soil moisture for the vegetables. For safetyness of the study area from the animals and birds the total area were covered by net. Fruit harvesting: Brinjal was harvested at 90 days after seed sowing. It was harvested at several picking and continued up to 130 days. Chilli was harvested in several picking when the fruits appeared green and medium size. The chilli was harvested during 90 to 115 days after sowing. All fruits were harvested by entirely hand picking. Size and weight of each fruit was measured after harvesting. Data collection: For growth parameters, flower and fruit information, yield and yield attributes from every plant of every plot data were recorded. For brinjal and chilli, randomly 10 plants were selected from each plot for data collection. Plant height (cm), no of branches per plant was recorded at the time of final harvesting of brinjal and chilli. No of fruits per plant, fruit length (cm), diameter (cm), fresh weight (g) of fruits were measured when fruit attained its edible size. Fresh yield was determined from summation of each fruit weight of a plant and then converted to tha. Statistical analysis: Compiling and analyzing the recorded data were done by using RCBD design to find out the experimental results with the statistical significance. The means for all recorded data were calculated and the analysis of variance for all the characters were performed. The mean differences were evaluated by Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and also by Least Significant Difference (LSD) test.

Source of Information: J. Agrofor. Environ. 8 (1): 37-42, 2014; ISSN 1995-6983

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The result of the experiment revealed that the yield of the crops increased gradually with the increase of planting distance from the tree and crops under 1.0-1.5m of the tree provide better yield performance compared to open field condition. The morphological characteristics viz. plant height, no. of leaves per plant, leaf area (cm²), number of flower per plant, number of fruit per plant, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), fruit weight (g) of brinjal and chilli were less vigorous near the Lohakat tree base.

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