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Molecular Diagnosis and Epidemiology of Peste Des Petites Ruminants (ppr) in Bangladesh

Dr. Emdadul Haque Chowdhury
Associate Professor and Head
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

A. R. Bhuyiyan
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

M. M. Rahman
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

R. Parvin
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

M. R. Islam
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) are an acute viral disease of small ruminants caused by a Morbillivirus and characterized by fever, oculonasal discharges, stomatitis, diarrhea and pneumonia. The disease causes severe losses to small ruminant production and is presently considered as one of the major threats to about 22 million small ruminant population of the country. The present study was aimed to study the prevalence and epidemiology of PPR in Bangladesh, to study pathology of PPR on natural infections, to perform isolation and biological characterization PPR virus, to adopt RT-PCR for quick detection of PPR virus, to perform molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Bangladeshi isolate of PPR virus circulating in Bangladesh. Nasal swab is found sensitive and specific throughout all course of the disease. N gene specific primers (NP3/NP4) were found more sensitive. Partial sequence of F and N gene were performed. Sequence information’s were aligned and phylogenetic analysis was done. In both cases local isolate was under lineage IV, the nearest neighbor is recent Chinese strain.

Keywords: Animals, Diseases, Molecular Diagnosis, Goats. Virus

Location: Department of Pathology, BAU, Mymensingh-2202

Start Date: 01-07-2007

End Date: 30-06-2013

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity:

Objectives:

1. To identify Molecular Diagnosis and epidemiology of peste Des petites Ruminants (PPR) in Bangladesh. 2. To perform molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Bangladeshi isolate of PPR virus circulating in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Epidemiological information’s were collected with a disease report from. For sero-prevalence 600 sera have been collected for cELISA. Formalin fixed tissues were processed for histopathological study and immunohistology. RT-PCR was done using primer sets for different genes and compared for the sensitivity and specificity. A filter paper method of RT-PCR was developed using blood and nasal swab smeared filter pater from PPR suspected goats as template RNA. A representative local isolate were subjected for cloning and sequencing. RT-PCR positive PPR samples were subjected for PPR virus isolation in Vero cell. 28 out outbreaks were investigated including 1264 goats where the overall morbidity 74.92% (62% to 100%) and mortality 58.71% (23% - 100%). Mortality was higher in the young goat (<1 year). Introduction of newly purchased animals from the market played important role in transmission of the virus in the flock. Overall sero-prevalence was 21% grossly; emaciated and dehydrated carcasses, severe hemorrhagic enteritis, consolidated lungs and hemorrhagic lymphnodes were observed. Microscopically, enteritis with large mononuclear infiltration, tracheatits, broncho-interestitial pneumonia consistent with large mono nuclear infiltration in the interestial space and fibrin were found. So far 7 isolates were isolated using Vero cell line. A filter pater method of PPRV RT PCT was developed using blood, nasal swabs and tissue suspensions. Specific cytopathic effects characterized by ballooning and rounding of individual cell which later aggregated in grape like clusters were evident on third blind passage. RT PCR using the vaccine virus was standardized and validated by the above mentioned field samples.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agricultural University Research Progress, Volume-21, 2011. Proceedings of the workshop of BAU Research Progress, 05-06 February 2011.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.	Budget: 1541277

Total Budget (Tk.) : 1541277

Achievement/Findings:

The present study was aimed to study the prevalence and epidemiology of PPR in Bangladesh, to study pathology of PPR on natural infections, to perform isolation and biological characterization PPR virus, to adopt RT-PCR for quick detection of PPR virus, to perform molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Bangladeshi isolate of PPR virus circulating in Bangladesh. Nasal swab is found sensitive and specific throughout all course of the disease. N gene specific primers (NP3/NP4) were found more sensitive. Partial sequence of F and N gene were performed. Sequence information’s were aligned and phylogenetic analysis was done. In both cases local isolate was under lineage IV, the nearest neighbor is recent Chinese strain.

Knowledge Management: Report/Proceedings