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Evaluation of Urea Super Granule as a Source of Nitrogen in Transplant Aman Rice

T. A. Qurashi
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. A. Salam
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. Jannat
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. G. Rabbani
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to evaluate the effect of urea super granule (USG) as a source of nitrogen on the yield and yield components of transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan39, BRRI dhan46 and BINA dhan7. Five levels of N (viz., 0, 60, 120 kg ha^-1 as prilled urea and 60 and 120 kg ha^-1as USG) were taken as experimental treatments. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plant height, effective tillers hill^-1, grains panicle^-1 and grain yield varied significantly due to different cultivars. All the yield and yield components except 1000-grain weight were influenced significantly by the levels of nitrogen fertilizer. The highest grain yield (4.82 t ha^-1) was recorded in BINA dhan7 and the lowest one (4.30 t ha^-1) was recorded in BRRI dhan39. Nitrogen @ 120 kg ha^-1 as USG performed the best among the treatments in respect of yield and yield components of rice. The highest grain yield (5.46t ha^-1) was obtained from BINA dhan7 with 120 kg N ha^-1 as USG which was statistically identical with 60 kg N ha-1 as USG. A considerable amount (31.25%) of prilled urea (PU) nitrogen could be saved by using USG. It may be concluded that USG could be used as N management to achieve better nitrogen use efficiency in reducing N loss than the PU.

Keywords: Nitrogen use efficiency, Urea super granule, Transplant Aman rice, Yield

Location: The Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-06-2012

End Date: 31-12-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To evaluate the USG as a source of nitrogen in different T. Aman rice varieties
To find out the optimum dose of USG for higher yield of T. Aman rice
To see the effect of cultivars on the performance of T. Aman rice yield and yield contribution characters.

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at the Agronomy Field Laboratory of Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during July to December 2012 to evaluate USG as a source of nitrogen in transplant Aman rice cv. BRRI dhan39, BRRI dhan46 and BINA dhan7. The study consisted of two factors. Factor A- Variety (i) BRRI dhan39, (ii) BRRI dhan46 and (iii) BINA dhan7 and Factor B- Sources and doses of nitrogen (i) 0 kg N ha-1, (ii) 60 kg N ha-1 as PU, (iii) 120 kg N ha-1 as PU, (iv) 60 kg N ha-1 as USG (0.9 g) and (v) 120 kg N ha-1 as USG (1.8g). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The soil of the experimental field was more or less neutral in reaction with pH value 6.5, low in organic matters content (1.1%) and the general fertility level of the soil was also low. Healthy seeds of each cultivar were selected for raising seedlings. High land was selected at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh for raising seedling. The field layout was made on 22 July 2012 according to experimental specification immediately after final land preparation. Weeds and stubbles were cleaned off from individual plots and finally plots were leveled properly by wooden plank in such a manner that no water pocket could remain in the puddle field. Whole amount of triple superphosphate, muriate of potash and gypsum were broadcast and incorporated into the soil at final land preparation @ 60 kg, 70 kg, and 60kg ha-1, respectively and nitrogen was applied according to experimental specification in the form of prilled urea. After 7 days of transplanting pellets of USG 0.9g (60 kg N ha-1) and 1.8g (120 kg N ha-1) were placed manually in the root zone at 8-10 cm depth of the soil at the centre of four hills of two adjacent rows. One month aged seedlings were transplanted on well puddled plots on 24 July 2012 according to the experimental design. Three seedlings were transplanted in each hill with a spacing of 25 cm × 15 cm. The plots were kept weed free by hand pulling. Due to frequent raining during crop growth period, no irrigation was needed. Excess water was drained out from the plots in due time before harvesting. No remarkable infestation of insects and diseases was noticed in the field. So, no plant protection measures were taken. Five hills (excluding border hills) from each plot were randomly selected, uprooted and properly tagged before harvesting for recording necessary data on yield contributing characters. Maturities of crops were determined when 90% of the grains become golden yellow in color. The crop was harvested at full maturity on different dates as per to the variety of rice. The harvested crop of each plot was bundled separately, tagged properly and brought to the clean threshing floor. The bundles were dried in open sunshine, threshed and then seeds were cleaned. The grain and straw weights for each plot were recorded after proper sun drying. The grain yield was adjusted to14% moisture content. Grain and straw yield per plot were converted to ton per hectare. The collected data were analyzed statistically following the ANOVA technique and the mean differences were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test using a statistical computer package program MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: Progress. Agric. 24(1 & 2): 29 – 37, 2013 ISSN 1017-8139

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Plant height, effective tillers hill^-1, grains panicle^-1 and grain yield varied significantly due to different cultivars. All the yield and yield components except 1000-grain weight were influenced significantly by the levels of nitrogen fertilizer. The highest grain yield (4.82 t ha^-1) was recorded in BINA dhan7 and the lowest one (4.30 t ha^-1) was recorded in BRRI dhan39. Nitrogen @ 120 kg ha-1 as USG performed the best among the treatments in respect of yield and yield components of rice. The highest grain yield (5.46t ha^-1) was obtained from BINA dhan7 with 120 kg N ha^-1 as USG which was statistically identical with 60 kg N ha^-1 as USG. A considerable amount (31.25%) of prilled urea (PU) nitrogen could be saved by using USG. variety BINA dhan7 with 60 kg N ha^-1 as USG will be the economic for production of transplant Aman rice since BINA dhan7 with 120 kg N ha^-1 or 60 kg N ha^-1 applied as USG produced the statistically identical grain yield.

Knowledge Management: Journal